Mhando dzese dzembeu dzinoshandiswa zvirimwa munyika medu dzinofanirwa kuverengerwa murejista yehurumende yakabatana. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, mbeu dzichafanirwa kuongororwa uye kuongororwa kuvepo kweGMOs, kugamuchira chitupa chemhando. Zvirongwa zvakadaro zvinotsanangurwa mubhiri rehurumende pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwembeu yakaendeswa kuHurumende Duma. Ndedzipi shanduko dzakamirira varimi vembeu dzemumba uye kuti ndedzipi nyaya dzine chekuita nekusimudzira indasitiri iyi dzakakurukurwa pamusangano wakaitwa muFederation Council musi wa5 Kubvumbi.
Kurwa neGMO uye musika wakajeka
Mutemo wekugadzirwa kwembeu unofanira kutsiva mutemo uripo wezita rimwe chete kubva muna 1997, uyo wasakara zvikuru. "Gwaro idzva iri rine chinangwa chekuchinja zvakanyanya mamiriro ezvinhu mukugadzirwa kwembeu dzemumba," akatsanangura kudaro Roman Nekrasov, mukuru weDhipatimendi reKugadzirwa Kwemiti yeBazi rezvekurima, pamusangano muFederation Council musi wa5 Kubvumbi.
Mutemo unotevera zvinangwa zviviri zvakakosha: kuchengetedza misika yemunyika kubva kumbeu dzine maGMO anotengwa kubva kunze kwenyika, uye kupa simba mukusimudzira kupfuya kwezvipfuwo.
"Kumutsiridza kugadzirwa kwembeu dzemumba, pachena kunofanirwa kutanga," mukuru weMinistry of Agriculture akasimbisa. Kuti izvi zviitike, gwaro rinokurudzira kuumbwa kwerejista yembeu yakabatana, inova chikamu cheFederal State Information System (FSIS).
Pakutanga, mhando nyowani dzembeu dzinofanirwa kugashira chitupa chemhando, icho chinozoratidza nzvimbo dzadzo, pamwe nezvimwe zviratidzo zvekubudirira kwehupfumi. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti nhasi mamiriro asingafadze zvakanyanya akagadzirwa pamusika wembeu yeRussia nekuda kwekutonga kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, kazhinji zvemhando yakaderera zvakanyanya. Midzi yedambudziko inodzokera kuma90s, apo, vachitora mukana wekudonha kwenzvimbo dzekuberekesa dzimba, vagadziri vekunze vakauya kumusika wedu vachipa zvinhu zvakachipa zvemhando yakaderera zvakaenzana.
Muzvirimwa zvakaita sesoya bhinzi, chibage, maringazuva, nembatatisi, mbeu dzinotengwa kunze kwenyika dzinobva pa20 kusvika ku80 muzana. Mamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa ari neshuga beet mbeu - 93 muzana! Panguva imwe cheteyo, tichibhadhara mari yakawanda nemari yekunze gore negore kumakambani embeu ekunze, varimi vedu havawani vimbiso yekumera kwembeu dzakatengwa. Sekureva kwaRosselkhoznadzor, mumabheji akatengwa nemabhizinesi ekurima ekurima muna 2019, anosvika makumi matatu muzana embeu haana kuenderana neakaziviswa akasiyana uye hunhu hwekudyara. Kurasikirwa kweiyo agro-industrial complex nekuda kwembeu dzisina kusimba kubvira 30 kwakasvika kudarika 2019 miriyoni rubles.
Mutungamiri weRussia uye Sachigaro weFederation Council, Valentina Matvienko, vakataura nezvematambudziko akakomba mukugadzirwa kwembeu yemumba. "Mamiriro ezvinhu aripo iye zvino haaenderane nehuwandu hwesimba rekurima rakagadziridzwa iro nyika yedu inoti ndizvo," Sergei Mitin, Mutevedzeri Wekutanga weFederation Council Committee on Agricultural and Food Policy and Environmental Management, akayeuka mashoko ake. Vakasimbisa kuti kuvandudzwa kwekupinza mbeu mukurima kwembeu chinhu chakakosha. "Gwaro rakagadzirwa neHurumende rinosangana nebasa iri, zvisinei, hazvisi zvese zvinonetsa zvisati zvagadziriswa, saka basa pabhiri richaenderera mberi, uye maseneta ane chinangwa chekugadzirisa zvakati wandei pakuverenga kechipiri," senator akavimbisa. .
Masayendisiti anotarisirwa kuita budiriro
Kurwisa kutengwa kwembeu dzine maGMOs, Ministry of Agriculture neRosselkhoznadzor inotarisira kugadzira nzira yekufambisa mabheti embeu munyika uye kuongorora kutenderera kwadzo. Zvinosungirwa zvinodikanwa zvichaiswa pakugadzirwa, kutenderera, kufambisa, kuchengetedza, uye kushandiswa kwembeu dzekurima. "Kudzora zviri mukati meiyo genetically modified elements mumbeu kwakakosha mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zveorganic uye zvigadzirwa zvegirinhi mhando. Russia ine mikana mikuru yekugona uye kutumira kunze kwenyika mumaindasitiri aya, "anodaro Sergei Belousov, Mutevedzeri wasachigaro weFederation Council Committee yezvekurima uye chikafu Policy uye Environmental Management.
Panguva imwecheteyo, maererano neseneta, nyika yedu ichiri kusarira kumashure mumunda wepamusoro-tekinoroji nzira dzekutonga dzeGMO zvemukati.
Sekureva kwemukuru wedhipatimendi reBazi reDzidzo neSainzi, Vugar Bagirov, nzira dzakadai dzakagadzirwa uye dzakaedzwa kusvika parizvino chete dzeshuga beet nembeu dzembatatisi; basa richiri kuenderera kune zvimwe zvirimwa (kune zvinopfuura makumi mana Chinyorwa chehurumende).
Pamusoro pezvo, mhando dzembeu itsva dzichaongororwa mumarabhoritari ekuongorora nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, uye kugona kwadzo kushoma.
"Nzvimbo dzedu dzekuongorora dzakasiyana-siyana dzinongotarisa goho rembeu, asi hapana nzira yekuongorora hunhu hwakakosha sekuramba zvirwere," anodaro Vladimir Levunov, sachigaro wemubatanidzwa wemakambani akazvimirira embeu. Sekuona kwake, kana michina iri pazviteshi ikasavandudzwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera, kuunzwa kwechitupa chemhando yemhando inotarisirwa nebhiri kunenge kuri munjodzi. Zvichakadaro, nhaurirano pakati penyanzvi pamusoro pekuti chii chaizvo chitupa chakadaro chinofanira kuenderera mberi.
Vafudzi vanotya kuchengetedzwa kwezvakavanzika zvekutengeserana
Chitupa chemhando chichava neanotevera arietal bvunzo zviratidzo: kukodzera kwemamiriro ekunze, kuramba chirwere, kumera, nezvimwe. Kana izvi kana izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakazviratidza zvakanaka uye zvakapfuura bvunzo munyika yedu, ichaverengerwa murejista yembeu. Kuonekwa kwerejista kuchaita kuti zvikwanise kumisa kutonga kwehurumende pamusoro pembeu dzinoshandiswa munyika. Pamusoro pazvo, zvinotarisirwa kuti varimi vezvekurima vatendeukewo kwairi kuitira kuti vazvidzivirire kubva kumisikanzwa. Kunyange tichiona zvakanakira matanho akaunzwa nebhiri kuti ive pachena pamusika wembeu, nyanzvi dzinoverengeka dzinoonawo zvakaipa mukuwedzera kwemitemo yenyika.
Vapfuri vanotya zvakanyanya kuti zvakavanzika zvekutengeserana zvinogona kutyorwa padanho rekuedzwa kwembeu itsva. "Kubereka data kunogona kubiwa nevakwikwidzi vekunze," anodaro Vladimir Levunov.
Mutungamiri weRussia Grain Union Arkady Zlochevsky anokwevera pfungwa kune chokwadi chekuti bvunzo dzevarietal pachadzo dzinodhura. "Idzo dzinoitwa pamutengo wemakambani anobatanidzwa mukubereka uye achaita kuti kuwedzerwa kwemari yembeu," anodaro Zlochevsky. Sekuona kwake, dambudziko riripo nderekuti mhando itsva dzembeu dzemumba dzakagadzirwa nenzira iyi hadzichakwanisa kukwikwidzana nemutengo nembeu dzinobva kunze kwenyika.
“Mapurazi acharamba achitenga zvakachipa,” nyanzvi yacho inodaro. Vatiwo mbeu dzinotengwa kunze kwenyika hadzifanirwe kusiiwa zvachose munzvimbo dzisati dzave nemaanalogue emumba. “Izvi nezvimwe zvakawanda zvine chekuita nekuvandudzwa kwembeu dzemumba zvichagadziriswa mukufamba kuri kuita basa rebhiri nemamwe magwaro ane chekuita nazvo. Nenzira, mitemo inopfuura makumi mana inofanirwa kugadzirirwa, "akayeuka Senator Sergei Mitin.