Nhasi, vatungamiriri vematunhu pamwe nevanoongorora zvekurima vari kuwedzera zvakanyanya mutengo wekutsakatisa Sosnovsky's hogweed, asi sora rine njodzi rinodzivirira pakurima, uye nharaunda yenzvimbo dzainoonekwa iri kuwedzera nekukurumidza. Kubvisa chipembenene neakanyanya glyphosate-based herbicides, hazvina kukwana kubata nzvimbo yayo inokura kamwe, kunyangwe kana ichiitwa kwemakore akati wandei mumutsara. Nekudaro, gadziriso dzakavandudzwa dzakatobvumidza kurwisa nehogweed mune 1-2 kurapwa, uye kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvinoshanda kwenguva refu zvine tekinoroji dzisina kugadziriswa zvinogona kuunza kushanda kwehutongi kudzora kusvika padanho idzva, maererano nekambani yaAugust.
Gore roga roga dambudziko reSosnovsky's hogweed muRussia riri kuwedzera zvakanyanya. Iyo nzvimbo iri pasi pehuswa hune njodzi, iyo sipo yayo inokonzera kuoma-kupisa kupisa kana yaiswa pachena, kuwedzera ne15% pagore. Uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakavhurika nekuda kwe "kusimba" kwembeu panguva ino, dzinogona kupetana nekatatu. Iyo hogweed inodzinga zvimwe zvinomera, inova njodzi chaiyo yenzvimbo dzakasarudzika dzakachengetedzwa. Yakawanda uye yakawanda mari inoshandiswa mukuparadzwa kwayo, asi zvakadaro haina kukwana. Semuenzaniso, mudunhu reMoscow, dunhu rinotungamira mune iyi nyaya, pane chirongwa chakanangiswa pasi pacho chinopfuura mazana matatu emamiriyoni rubles vanogovaniswa gore rega kuti varwe kurwisa hogweed (kusvika 300, mari yacho yaive yakati wandei zvishoma). Iyoyo nzvimbo yedunhu reMoscow Region maiwo masora akaonekwa muna 2018 aive anenge zviuru zvitatu mahekita, ndiko kuti, anopfuura zviuru mazana mapfumbamwe ezviuru akawira pahekita rimwe nerimwe. Nekudaro, gore rino, iyo nzvimbo yakatapukirwa, sekutarisa kwekuchangowonekwa, yakakura kusvika kumahekita zviuru makumi matanhatu.
Pakutanga, iyo Sosnovsky hogweed yakarwa pamwe nerubatsiro rwekucheka (uye mune dzimwe nguva ivo vanoramba vachirwa izvozvi - semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzekuchengetedza mvura nemapaki epanyama). Pashure pacho, kumatunhu uko kwakabvumidzwa kushandiswa kwemakemikari ekudzivirira emiti, gadziriro dzakavakirwa glyphosate dzakatekeshera: zvakava izvo zvinodhura uye zviri nyore kushandisa. Semishonga inouraya gomarara, glyphosate ichiri chakakurumbira chirimwa kudzvinyirira kudzora nekudzivirira synthesis yeakakosha amino acids uye kukonzera desiccation. Nekudaro, iyo yekuparadza kwechimiro kweiyo mombe parsnip uye glyphosate ine yakajairwazve: havana mhedzisiro pambeu dzinokwanisa kuramba dzichirarama muvhu kwemakore anosvika mazana matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu (empeleni, ichi ndicho chikonzero chekushandiswa kwe glyphosate pane zviyo: zviyo pachazvo hazvitambure nazvo). Uye zvakare, sechibereko chekuenderera mberi chiito, glyphosate inopa mhedzisiro ye "nyika inopisa": kwete chete husora hunoparara, asiwo nezvimwe zvinomera.
"Anenge makore manomwe apfuura, shanduko yakatanga munzira yekurwisa Sosnovsky akasungirirwa muRussia," anodaro Yuri Dyakonov, maneja wevatengi vanokosha kumatunhu ekuCentral neNorth-West ekambani yaAugust. - Panodiwa zvinodhaka izvo zvaisazongomanikidza masora chete, asi zvaizobatanidza zvinhu zvakadai sekushamwaridzana neushamwari, hupfumi, hunyanzvi uye nguva yekuita. Nekuda kweizvozvo, isu takatanga kushandisa nzira kwete yekuenderera mberi, asi yekusarudza yekuita, uye ikozvino tinokurudzira ruzhinji rwekugadzirira kwedu "Gorgon" uye "Magnum" yekuparadza hogweed. "
Musanganiswa unoshanda muMagnum, metsulfuron-methyl, ndeyekirasi yemakemikari sulfonylurea uye isabhiza remuriwo rezviyo, nyanzvi inotsanangura. Kunyangwe varimi vachiziva dambudziko rayo - kureba kwenguva refu, izvo zvinoisa zvirambidzo pakutenderera kwezvirimwa. Nekudaro, kana iri nyaya yehagweed, iyo nguva yekuita kwemushonga, pane zvinopesana, inoita senge mukana. Pamusoro pekukanganisa chirimwa pachacho, chinogadzira ivhu rinodzivirira iro rinotadzisa masora kumera mbeu gore rinotevera mushure mekurapwa.
Zvinogona kuita kunge imwe metsulfuron-methyl inokwana kutsiva glyphosate, asi inewo huwandu hwezvinhu zvinoita kuti isanyatsoita zvakasikwa. Chekutanga, inodzvinyirira huwandu hwegirinhi rwechibereko chipembenene nekunyatsoshanda pane mamwe mimwe mishonga yemichero, uye chechipiri, inozviratidza isina kusimba pakuderera kwakadzika. Kuti uwane yakavimbika yevhu chidzitiro, kugadzirisa kunofanirwa kuitirwa panguva yakanyatsotsanangurwa, kana mamiriro ekunze achidziya, asi mombe parsnip haina kukura kupfuura 35 cm uye yakabvumira mushonga kusvika pasi: muhafu yepiri yaMay uye kusvika June 10, yakakura.
Kuti urarame nechirimwa pachacho, mukuwedzera kune "Magnum", nyanzvi dze "Nyamavhuvhu" dzinokurudzira gadziriro ye "Gorgon", inosanganisa zvinhu zvinoshanda se picloram uye MCPA, iyo inobudirira kuparadza mombe parsnip pachayo. Nekudaro, izvi zviri kure nechikamu chekupedzisira mukuwedzera kugona kwekurwisa, nekuti shanduko mumutemo wepamutemo, pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekuita zvehunyanzvi, zvinoda kuti uwedzerezve mishonga inoshandiswa.
"Zvese zvikamu zvinoshanda muGorgon zvinoshanda kwazvo, nepo nhasi tichida mushonga unogona kushandiswa kubva kumhepo, mune ramangwana - munzvimbo dzekugara," anodaro Yuri Dyakonov. - Izvi zvakakosha kune zvikonzero zvakati. Chekutanga, kudzoreredza kwevhu pasi pematenji ehwagwe kakawanda hakubvumire chero vanocheka kana ma sprayers kuti vashande ipapo: chero gomba rakavanzika rine ngozi kumidziyo inodhura yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa mundima yakavhurika. NeChipiri, muna 2020, chete mushonga unosara unogona kushandiswa kurwisa hogweged munzvimbo dzekugara - yedu Tornado yakavakirwa glyphosate (360 g / litita) - yakarambidzwa kushanda munzvimbo dzakadai. Izvi zvakaitika zvinopesana neyakajairika yekuderera kushandiswa kwe glyphosate muEurope. Naizvozvo, ikozvino isu tinoda nekukurumidza pikicam "yakachena": tine mushonga wakadaro padanho rekunyoresa, uye tinoedza kuona kuti zvinobvumirwa pakugadzirisa mumisha. Zvakare, picloram yakakodzera kurapa kwendege, nepo Gorgon isina kunyoreswa kuti ishandiswe.
Kwemakore matatu ikozvino, kambani "Nyamavhuvhu" yave ichidyidzana nevaRussia vanogadzira drones, kuyedza mashandisiro ekushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvakabatana kubva kumhepo munzvimbo dzayo dzekutyaira kuMoscow, Leningrad neVolgograd nzvimbo. Izvo zvinogadzirisa zvinhu muchirongwa ichi ndiko kuda kwekuwedzera kwemakanzuru uye kusakwana kwavo kutakura. Izvi zvinoreva kuti huwandu hwemushonga unodyiwa unofanirwa kunge hwakashoma, asi kushanda kwawo kunofanira kuchengetedzwa.
"Quadrocopter yemazuva ano uye inodhura inokwanisa kusimudza mashanu, pamalita gumi emushonga mudenga," anotsanangura Yuri Dyakonov. - Izvi zvakaringana paavhareji yehekita rimwe. Kwezuva rekushanda kwemaawa masere mune iyi modhi, inoshanduka kugadzirisa matanho masere. Izvi zvakaderera pane kana kurapwa kwakaitwa uchishandisa yekurima sprayer: ine boom kureba 5 metres uye kumhanya kwe10 km / h, inogona kuvhara anopfuura 1 mahekita paawa. Nekudaro, mapepa anoita kuti zvikwanise kurwa ne hogweed munzvimbo dzakasiiwa uko inowanzokura. Uye, sekuratidzwa kwatakaedzwa, kutevedza nemirairo yekushandiswa kwemishonga - mumatanho ekutanga ekuvandudza zvidyarwa - inobvumidza iwe kuti upfuure nemadhidhi madiki. Pamusoro pezvo, kuomarara kwezvinhu zvinoshandisika zvinoshandiswa zvinoita kuti zvichengeteke zvakasvibirira zvemukati munzvimbo yehuswa. "
Zvinoenderana nenyanzvi dzekambani ya "Nyamavhuvhu", kana uchishandisa mubatanidzwa wezvinhu zvinoshanda se metsulfuron-methyl, picloram uye MCPA (uye mune ramangwana - metsulfuron-methyl + picloram), mutengo wekuparadza hogweed unogona kuderedzwa kanoverengeka. Yuri Dyakonov anoti haazive mienzaniso yekuparadzwa kwakazara kwesora iri nemuchina - kucheka. Kurapa kwemuti nekugadzirira kunoenderana neglyphosate, inova "mishonga yekucheka", zvakare haivimbise kubudirira, kunyangwe kana maitiro aya achidzokororwa kwemakore akati wandei akateedzana. "Chizvarwa chitsva" chemishonga hachipfuuri chechitatu chinodhura kupfuura zvigadzirwa zvakavakirwa glyphosate, nepo ivo vachigona kuchenesa nzvimbo yechipembenene, zvichiteerana nemirau, mune imwechete, maviri ekushandisa. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti hogweed munzvimbo yakacheneswa inofanirwa kutsiviwa nezvimwe zvirimwa: zvikasadaro mbeu dzayo dzinogona kuwira muvhu zvakare. Kana iwe usiri kuronga kukura chero chinhu pane ino saiti, saka kudyara zvinogara huswa - clover uye zviyo - inogona kunge iri mhinduro inonzwisisika.
"Kushandiswa kwemishonga inoshanda kurwisa Sosnovsky's hogweed, kunyanya pamazinga madiki madiki, nhasi kudzikamisa nzira yekushandisa pachayo: makambani emakondirakiti anodzikisa mutengo wakadzikira zvekuti mishonga yakachipa yakavakirwa pa glyphosate kubva kuChina inosara iri pakati pemari iripo," anodaro Yuri Dyakonov. "Zvisinei, basa rekutsanangudza riri kuenderera mberi, uye mune mamwe matunhu, mazwi ematarenda ari kutoratidza mazita ezvinoshandiswa kana kunyange madhiragi chaiwo uye madhiri awo angangofanana. Kupararira kwemuitiro uyu kunofanirwa kubatsira pakurwa kwevakarwa muRussia.
Zvinyorwa zvinopihwa nevekutsikirira sevhisi yekambani "Nyamavhuvhu"