Mishumo yakati wandei kumusangano wepasi rese "Genetics, genomics, bioinformatics uye chirimwa biotechnology" (PlantGen2021), yakaitirwa kuNovosibirsk, yakapihwa nzira itsva dzekudzivirira chirimwa ichi kubva kutyisidziro nenjodzi dzakasiyana.
Guzel Burkhanova (Institute of Biochemistry uye Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy yeSainzi) akataura nezvenzira dzekukonzeresa kurwisa kwembatatisi kumavirusi achishandisa endophytic bacteria Bacillus. Miedzo yekutanga yakaitwa panguva yekudzidza yakaratidza kuti mushure mekurapa kwemuti nekumiswa kwemasero ehutachiona, zvirimo zvehutachiona RNA mairi zvakadzikira uye chiitiko chehuwandu hweanodzivirira mapuroteni nema enzymes akawedzera. Sezvo kushandiswa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzehutachiona kuchipa musiyano wakatarisana nemamwe marudzi ehutachiona hunokanganisa zvirimwa zvembatatisi, mutauri akataura kuti kuumbwa kwezvikamu zvakawanda zvekurwisa hutachiona hunenge hwakakwana.
Imwe yemaitiro emazuva ano ekupa chitupa chemhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa ndeyeSSR genotyping. Nekubatsira kwayo, zvinodzidzisa mamorekuru mamaki zvakasarudzika, izvo zvinobvumidza munhu kuti awane hunhu hwomunhu akasiyana kana genotype, iyo inonzi. Nhoroondo yeDNA. Kuvapo kweiyi nhoroondo kunotendera kuti basa rekuberekesa riitwe nekukurumidza uye zvine chinangwa. Dilyara Gritsenko (Institute of Plant Biology uye Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan) yakapa kumusangano mhedzisiro yeSSR yekuratidzira kwemarudzi asingatapukire mbatatisi. Ehezve, chidzidzo ichi chakaitwa pamwe nekusimbisa pamhando dzakasiyana dzeKazakhstani sarudzo, yakanangidzirwa kumusika wenyika ino. Asi chiitiko ichocho, chakawanikwa panguva yekuitwa kwayo, chine hunhu hwepasirese uye chingangoshandiswa nemamwe masayendisiti, kusanganisira maRussia.
Zvinotyisidzira mbatatisi hazvirevi kuzvirwere netupukanana. Izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti kana ichinge yaoneswa kune yakaderera tembiricha (kazhinji panguva yekuchengetedza goho rakakohwewa), mbatatisi inowana kutapira inotapira inofarirwa nevanhu vashoma. Maitiro aya anonzi anotonhorera kutonhodza, apo mashuga akareruka akadai seglucose akaumbwa kubva kune starch. Munguva yekuwedzera kupisa kurapwa kwetubers, semuenzaniso, panguva yekugadzirira machipisi, maFrench mafrizi, aya mashuga anoita nemaamino acids, ayo anokonzeresa rima uye atova nekuvavira kuravira, zvichidaro zvichideredza hunhu hwevatengi hwemidzi yezvirimwa.
Nzira dzechinyakare dzekudzivirira kutonhodza kutonhorera kazhinji dzinouya kune chaiwo mashandisiro enzvimbo dzekuchengetera, anosanganisira emamwe mari uye haagare achibatsira. Anastasia Egorova (Institute of Cytology uye Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk) yakaratidza mushumo wayo kuti matekinoroji emazuva ano anobatsira sei kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.
“Takashandisa nzira mbiri. Yekutanga "kudzima" jeni rinokonzeresa kushandurwa kwesucrose kuita glucose uye fructose. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kushushikana kwechando kuturikidzana muzvirimwa. Uye ikozvino tiri kuita basa rakafanana neakakurumbira eRussia mhando dzembatatisi. Zano repiri nderekupinza mhando dzembatatisi yemusango idzo dzinotopokana nekuchekwa, ”vakadaro.
Dambudziko guru rekumisikidzwa kwechipiri zano ndeye yakakwira zvinyorwa zve steroidal glycoalkaloids ine chepfu kuvanhu mumidzi yemhando dzakadai dzesango. Zvisinei, masayendisiti akacherekedza mukwikwidzi geni anokonzeresa kuunganidzwa kweaya glycoalkaloids, uye izvozvi vari kuronga "kuidzima", uku vachichengetedza kupokana kwechirimwa kuchiragi.
Sekutaura kwemutsvakurudzi, aya ndiwo marongero akafanana, uye mune ramangwana, kana zvikaitika kuti basa ribudirire mumativi ese ari maviri, vafudzi vanogamuchira nzira mbiri dzekugadzira mhando dzisingatsigire kutonhodza kutonhora kamwechete.