Gore roga roga michina yemadiridziro inoenderera ichiwedzera muminda yenyika. Nekusuma chishandiso ichi, varimi vanotarisira kugamuchira goho rakakura rezvigadzirwa zvemhando yakapihwa. Kune akatiwandei ehunyanzvi mhinduro dzinowanikwa kuti ubudirire kuita iri basa. Ichi chinyorwa chichaongorora tekinoroji yekutarisa uye kutonga kwemaitiro ekudiridza.
Kukura kwechirimwa kwakajairika kunoenderana nekuchengetedza mwero wehunyoro unopihwa uye kudyiwa nemuti. Sezvaunoziva, mvura inopinda muvhu kwete chete nemvura munguva yekukura, zvakare inzvimbo yehunyoro semhedzisiro yechando inonyungudika, uye isina kudzika pasi pevhu. Kunyorova kudyiwa kunoonekwa nemaitiro makuru maviri: evaporation uye transpiration. Mvura inogara ichipwa kubva muvhu pamusoro pesimba remhepo uye nezvimwe mamiriro ekunze, uye nzvimbo yayo inotorwa neimwe nyowani inokwira kuburikidza nem capillaries kubva pazasi - uku ndiko kubuda kwemvura. Mukufanana nayo, iyo midzi sisitimu yemidzi inotora mwando kubva muvhu uye inoisimudza nekuda kweiyo gradient yezvinhu yakanyungudutswa mukati mayo mumashizha ari kure nekureba mabukira. Izvo zvinovaka muviri zvinotakurwa nemvura zvinopinda mumatukisi anodikanwa, uye iyo yakawandisa mvura pachayo inopwa kuburikidza neiyo padyo stomata - uku kufefetera, maitiro acho zvakare anoenderera, nekuti iyo osmotic pombi inotsiva moyo wemuti. Nekudaro, chiyero chemvura ndicho chiyero pakati pehunyoro / hwekupinza muvhu uye nekubuda zvachose kwechirimwa chemumunda.
Kuti uverenge chiyero chemvura, nzira dzakasiyana dzinogona kushandiswa: kubva pane fungidziro yekuverenga yeakateedzana kukosha, akagadziridzwa kune akareruka mamiriro ekunze, kune kuiswa kweiyo yakazara-yakazara Hardware uye software yakaoma papurazi. Mhinduro yakanakisa yemabhizimusi emazuva ano anoshanda ekurima mashandisirwo ehurongwa hwekuongorora (nzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze yemamiriro ekunze).
Chiteshi cheMeteorological seti yemidziyo ine moduru huru (yakashongedzwa nemabhatiri akajairwa kana bhatiri rezuva) uye seti yemasaenzi anoyera maparamendi akasiyana siyana evhu, kunaya, mweya, uye mwaranzi yezuva. Iyo huru module iri pakati peakarongeka eminda, ma sensors akagoverwa pamusoro penzvimbo dziri kure.
Sensors yakaiswa muvhu inosarudza mwero wekupararira kwehunyoro, kuwanikwa kwayo kune iyo midzi midzi midzi. Mamiriro ekunze - kuyera mwando wemhepo, tarisa kunaya, verenga mwero wekusimuka kwemvura kubva pamusoro pemashizha emiti. Rudzi rwevhu, kugona kwaro kuchengetedza hunyoro, mhando yezvirimwa uye nhanho yekukura kwayo zvinotarisirwawo.
Ruzivo rwese rwakagamuchirwa rwakabatanidzwa uye rwunoratidzwa pane sevha kutenderera nguva. Nyanzvi dzePurazi dzinokwanisa kuwana ruzivo urwu chero nguva, kubva chero kupi zvako pasirese, kubva kune chero chishandiso chine Internet kuwana (semuenzaniso, kuburikidza nefoni application pafoni).
Kuongororwa kwedata rakawanikwa uye fungidziro yega yega zvinoita kuti zvibvire kwete kungoona chiyero uye nguva yemadiridziro anotevera, kuverenga nguva yakakwana yekuiswa kwefetiraiza inonyungudika nemvura uye mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka, asi zvakare kuronga kuwanda uye mitengo kudiridza, pamwe nekuwanda kweshandiso yezvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza zvirimwa mumwaka wese. Maitiro akarongeka anobatsira kudzivirira kwakakosha kurimwa kwezvirimwa uye zvine pundutso mukukura kwezvibereko. Panguva imwecheteyo, kumwe kushandiswa kune musoro kwemvura zviwanikwa, nepo ichivimbisa zvinodiwa zvehuswa zvezvirimwa.
Zviteshi zvemamiriro ekunze zvinobatsira kuwana goho rakanaka, ichi ndicho chinangwa chavo chikuru, asi kwete chega.
Tiri kurarama munguva yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye mamiriro ekunze dzimwe nguva anounza kushamisika kusingagoni kudzivirirwa, uye mhedzisiro yavo yakaoma kwazvo kubata nayo. Pamusana peiyi mamiriro, kukosha kwechombo chakadai chekudzivirira zvido zvemugadziri wezvekurima sezvo inishuwarenzi iri kukura. Nekubatsira kwayo, kana pakaitika zviitiko zvakashata (zvakasikwa uye zviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze, kupinda kana kupararira kwezvipembenene, nezvimwewo), varimi vanogona kuwana muripo uye kudzikisa huwandu hwekukuvara. Muchiitiko ichi, data rekucherechedza rakawanikwa nemamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze anoshanda sekusimbisa kwechiitiko chakachengetedzwa.
Ndokumbira utarise: kuitira kuti ugamuchire mari yeinishuwarenzi, zvinodikanwa kuti ushandise inoenderana nenguva yekuyera meteorological michina, chete mune ino data data rine huchokwadi uye rinogona kusungirirwa kune izvo zvinhu zveinishuwarenzi kesi. Uye zvakare, kuwanikwa kwechitupa chekusimbisa kunovimbisa mhando yezviyero zvacho.
Kumwe kwekukanganisa kushoma mukushanda kwenzvimbo dzemamiriro ekunze ezvekunze uye zvimwe zvekuyera zviyero zvekuzvimiririra ndiko kuwanikwa uye mhando yechiratidzo chemaseru chekufambisa dhata. Nekudaro, mumatunhu mazhinji dambudziko iri ratove chinhu chekare; nhare mbozha yevanoshanda zvikuru iri kwese kwese.
Tekinoroji dzazvino uno dzinoita kuti zvikwanise kukwidziridza uye kugadzirisa nzira yekudiridza zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Vanonwa mvura vagara vachikwanisa kushanda vakazvimirira uye vanogona kudzorwa vari kure. Kuiswa kwenzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze inokutendera kuti ubatanidze zvigadzirwa, zviridzwa uye maturusi edhijitari mune imwechete yekudiridza system.
Mune ino kesi, iro basa reagronomist musangano rekudiridzira rakareruka uye rinouya pasi pasarudzo yemaitiro ekutanga uye mashandiro ekushanda, uye zvimwe zvese zvinova, mupfungwa izere, inyaya yehunyanzvi.
Victor Panov, Chigadzirwa Maneja weVall Irrigation Systems, Potential Kambani
8-987-080-04-64