Alexander Skvortsov, Musoro weSumi Mbatatisi, SumiAgro Russia
Mwaka we2020 hauna kuve chinyorwa chekukohwa kwakakura kwembatatisi munyika medu. Zvinokanganisa kushushikana zvinhu zvehunhu hwakasiyana, izvo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nedunhu. Mugore rinouya, varimi vazhinji vembatatisi vanoshuvira "kubata", asi mamiriro emusika anovamanikidza kuti vagadzirise zvirongwa zvavo. Izvo zvinoitika ndezvekuti huwandu hwezvigadzirwa hwakaderera uye husina kukosha pakubudirira kwebhizinesi, uye zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya - hunhu hwayo.
Iko kunogara kune chinodikanwa chechigadzirwa chine yakanakisa yekutengesa zvivakwa, inokodzera kuchengetedza, kuwacha, kurongedza, uye mutengo wakakwira unopihwa icho. Kuti uzviise zvakaomarara, nhasi unofanirwa kurima yemhando yepamusoro mbatatisi kana kusatarisana neichi chirimwa zvachose.
Hwemhando basa rinoda simba rakawanda uye rinofanira kutanga neyakafungidzirwa-kunze yekudyara chirongwa chekudzivirira.
Kushungurudzika kwepfungwa
Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti mamiriro ekunze achamuka sei mumwaka mutsva uye kuti achanakira kurima mbatatisi, asi ruzivo rwunoratidza kuti hapana kana gore rimwe, kunyangwe rakabudirira kwazvo, risina matambudziko, saka munhu haafanire kutarisira chete nyasha kubva kune zvakasikwa. Uye zvirinani kugadzirira zvingangoitika zvisingafadzi kushamisika pamberi pekushandisa zvinokurudzira uye zvekugadzirisa zvinogadzirisa. Tichifunga kuti tiri kurarama munguva yeshanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kudyara mari mugadziriro idzi kwakanyatsoruramiswa, pasina ivo kunonetsa kwazvo kuburitsa mikana yezvibereko uye kuzadzisa zviratidziro zvepamusoro zvekutengesa. Fetiraiza huru inoshandiswa pamapurazi inongogadzira kugona, uye ivo vanogadzirisa vanozviziva mumamiriro ezvinhu anochinja.
Chakanakisa zvikuru kuvarimi, semuenzaniso, ndiyo Basfoliar mutsetse wekuyera nzira yezvicherwa. Nekudaro, padanho rekucheka, unogona kushandisa mushonga Basfoliar®Kelp, iine mahormone auxin (mune yakanyanya kusangana) uye cytokinin, pamwe necheni yezvinhu zvekutsvaga. Re-kurapwa kunoitwa padanho rembeu kusimudzira kudzika kwemidzi.
Padanho rekukura kwemazhinji eiyo vegetative mass, Basfoliar® Active (NPK 5:27:18 + microelements) yakakosha, mushure mekuchinjira kune kuumba tuber - Basfoliar® Combi Stipp, inosanganisira calcium, inosimudzira yakareba- izwi rekuchengetedza.
Mushonga Siapton® yakagadzirira-yakagadzirirwa seti yeamino acids uye peptides mune yakanyanya kusangana, iyo inoshanda kukurira mhedzisiro yekushushikana. Iyo mishonga inokonzeresa kunwa kweiyo nitrogen uye inodzivirira maficha ekukwegura kusati kwatanga.
Amalgerol® Essence inosanganisa zvivakwa zvezvigadzirwa zvakati panguva imwe chete: ine amino acids, zvinokura zvinokudziridza zvichibva pane yegungwa dhizaini, inomutsa ivhu microflora, micro- uye meso-zvinovaka muviri. Pamusoro pekuwedzera goho uye mhando yezvigadzirwa, zvinowedzerawo kugadziriswa kwemashanga nekuda kwekumisikidzwa kwehutachiona hwevhu, inosimudzira kuumbwa kwemycorrhiza pamidzi yezvirimwa zvakasimwa.
Zvirwere uye kudzivirira tupukanana
Zvirwere uye zvipembenene zvinowanzovhiringidza mukuwana gohwo rakakura rembatatisi. Semuenzaniso: pakati pezvirwere zvakawanda zvinokanganisa tubers, hapana anogona kuenzanisa mukukuvadza nechirwere che rhizoctonia. Rhizoctoniae inogara ichizviratidza pamatatata, gore rega rega, mukusimudzira kwayo, hapana mamiriro akasarudzika etembiricha uye hunyoro anodikanwa, uye kukuvara kumadzinde pakutanga kwemwaka wekukura kunogona kutotapudza goho. Naizvozvo, kusarudzwa kwemushonga unouraya utachiona kunofanira kuongororwa zvakanyanya nehukama hune hukama nechirwere ichi.
Pencicuron, chinhu chinoshanda chePrestige®, inoshanda zvakanyanya kurwisa rhizoctoniasis. Imidacloprid - chikamu chechipiri chemushonga - chinopa chengetedzo yakatendeseka mutsika muhafu yekutanga yemwaka wekukura kubva kune scoop, wireworm, Colorado mbatata bete uye hove. Imidacloprid ndiyo yakasimba neonicotinoid, ine nguva yakareba yekudzivirira pane thiamethoxam uye acetamiprid.
Late blight uye Alternaria zvirwere zvinonyanya kukanganisa mashizha emashizha embatatisi. Kuvarwisa, sainzi yemazuva ano inopa mishonga yakawanda, asi zvakakosha kuti usarudze kubva pane ino runyorwa inoshanda uye yepasirese panguva imwe chete. Tora fungoli yeConsento® semuenzaniso. Iyo inodzora nhanho dzese dzekunonoka blight kukura, ine zvese zviri zviviri prophylactic uye yekurapa mhedzisiro, pamwe neanopokana -pora. Mushonga uyu ndewe systemic, unodzivirira kukura nyowani panguva yekukura kwekushanduka kwematata. Zvimwe zvivakwa - zvinopesana nekuwachout uye zvinodzora zvese zvinokonzeresa vamiririri veE Alternaria.
Chimwe chingaitwe chishandiso pakurwisa kunonoka kusvibiswa ndiElektis D®. Uyu mushonga we "post-mancocebic era" (yeuka kuti kubvira 2021, nyika zhinji dzakasimukira dzeEurope dzinoramba kushandisa mancoceb, chinodhaka chinosangana chine nhoroondo refu), iri padanho rekupedzisira rekunyoreswa muRussia. Iine mamorekuru matsva pamapatatisi - Zoxamide, iyo inokanganisa mashandiro muiyo nucleus yeepathogen, ichikanganisa kukura kwetubules panguva yekumera kwezoospores. Ndokunge, ine yakasarudzika mashandiro ekuita ayo akasiyana nezvimwe zvinhu. Zoxamide inopesana ne washout, iyo inozvisiyanisa zvakanaka ne mancozeb; paunenge uchironga marapirwo, haugone kugadzirisa kugadzirisa kunaya uye kudiridza hurumende. Chikamu chechipiri, dimethomorph, chine translaminar athari uye chinodzivirira kukura kwemasero madziro efungus. Nekuda kweizvozvo, isu tine chigadzirwa chitsva chakanyatso shanda ine yakanakisa kunaya kwemvura.
Ngatigarei mune zvakadzama pamusoro wenyaya wekurwisa zvinodhaka kupuruzira. Pasina kupokana, mbatatisi yemadiridziro inobereka gohwo rakakwirira kupfuura mbatatisi dzakarimwa. Asi zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise zvakajeka kuti mapurazi anoshandisa kudiridza anofanirwa kunyatso chenjera pakusarudza mishonga pakurwisa kunonoka, zvinofanirwa kufunga nezvekushanda kwezvinhu zvinoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.
Ranman® Top, inozivikanwa kwazvo munyika dzeEurope dzine mamiriro ekunze egungwa, inokodzera chaizvo muchirongwa chekudiridza. Cyazofamide - chinhu chinoshanda chemushonga - inoshanda pamhando dzese dzehutachiona pamatanho ese ekukura kwembatatisi. Iyo ine translaminar uye kunyange quasi-systemic chiitiko uye inoshingirira kunaya mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu mushure mekurapwa.
Munyika dzeEurope, mushonga unoshandiswa kupedzisa kurapwa pakupera kwemwaka.
Chimwe chigadzirwa chinopesana nekutsvaira, Mixanil® ndiyo imwe nzira yakanakisa yezvigadzirwa zvine mancoceb. Iyo ine yakasarudzika musanganiswa wezvinhu - chlorothalonil uye cymoxanil, iyo inopa mushonga nehukama uye translaminar chiitiko uye kugona kurwisa kunonoka kunaya uye alternaria. Ichi ndicho chakanakisa mushonga mukuvaka anti-kuramba zano, nekuti hapana zviitiko zvekurwisa cymoxanil zvakaonekwa panguva ino, uye hazvigone kuve kune chlorothalonil (chinhu chacho chine zviitiko zvakawanda).
Muchirevo chekudzivirirwa kwezvirimwa kubva ku blight yekupedzisira uye Alternaria, ndinodawo kukuyeuchidza nezve fungicide Cuproxat®. Iine tribasic mhangura sulfate. Kugadzirira kwacho kuri kwemvura, saizi yezvinhu iri pasi pe1 micron. Nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasarudzika zvemushonga wekuita, Cuproxat® inoparadza hutachiona husina kukuvadza kudyara zvirimwa. Utachiona hunowanikwa pamusoro hunorapwa nefungicide hunobva hwango "pisa" - protein denaturation uye kuparara kwetishu kunoitika.
Kudzora masora
Mbatatisi, kusiyana nezvirimwa zvakawanda, ine nguva yakareba yekumera, uye nekudaro inopa musoro kutanga kumasora: kwenguva yakati haina vakwikwidzi mumunda. Mishonga yeherbicide, inozivikanwa kwazvo mumusika, kazhinji inoita zvakanaka nemasora ane dicotyledonous, asi kune zviyo, kunyanya zvisingagumi, hazvishande nguva dzose zvinogutsa.
Hapana mubvunzo kuti kurwisa iyo chete inokambaira gorosi rinofanira kuitwa zvakarongeka, mukutenderera kwezvirimwa, kuti isaburitse kutaridzika kwayo paminda yematatata. Asi mukuita, iri basa harigare richiitwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo masora ezviyo akabuda mukutonga, Targa® Super, iyo quizalofop-P-ethyl yakavakirwa chigadzirwa, inogona kunge iri mhinduro. Mushonga uyu hauna kusungirirwa kuchikamu chekusimudzira mbatatisi, kushandiswa kwayo kunogona kusanganiswa nekuunzwa kwemimwe mishonga. Muyero unochinjika, zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekushandisa.
Vabatsiri
Ngatisimbisei kuti chero chinodhaka chishandiso chingave chisingashande choga choga, pakutenga. Zvakakosha kushandisa mishonga nenzira kwayo. Mhedzisiro yacho inokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda: kumhanyisa kwesprayer, kururamisa mhepo nemhepo mwando, sarudzo yemapfapfaidzo (kune fungicides zviri nani kushandisa maviri-mafirita), mwero wekupfeka kwavo (chinja nguva nenguva). Kubhadharisa kurasikirwa kunogona kuitika panguva yekupfira, kunyanya mune zvakanyanyisa mamiriro, uye kuwedzera kushanda kwemishonga, inobvumira sarudzo inokwanisa yevanowedzera.
Ngatitarisei maviri acho. Crusade® inoitirwa kuti ishandiswe nefungicides, inosanganisa nzira dzinoverengeka dzekuita panguva imwe chete: pamusoro pekupa zvirinani kuparadzira nekuchengetedza madonhwe emhinduro inoshanda, uyu anobatsira anoumba chidimbu che "agronomically kukosha" chemadonhwe ane saizi inopfuura. 100 microns.
Pamwe chete nemishonga yezvipembenene, adjuvant Olemix® inozviratidza zvirinani. Uku ndiko kugadzirira kunobva pane oiri yemaminerari, inoshandiswa muyero ye 0,5-1,5 l / ha (zvinoenderana nemashizha emhando dzakasiyana uye chiyero chekusimudzirwa kwemiti panguva yekugadzirisa). Olemix® inowedzera kushanda kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka kuburikidza nekudzikisa kumisidzana kwepamusoro kwesarudzo yekushanda; inodzivirira kushambidza kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka nekunaya uye dova rakasimba uye inoratidzira tupukanana-acaricidal chiito pane hove pakuwedzera kwemitengo
Mukupedzisa, ndinoda kutaura kuti mbatatisi ndezvezvirimwa zvine simba zvakanyanya zvinoda kudyara kukuru kwekuedza uye mari kana ichirima, usakanganwire kuchengetedza pazvinhu zvidiki. Panguva imwecheteyo, chokwadi chemusika hachi bvumidze anogadzira zvekurima kushandisa maturusi ese emazuva ano kuti abudirire. Asi izvi hazvidiwe. Kufungisisa zvishoma nezvishoma kusimudzira uye kugona kwehungwaru kwakanyanya kukosha.