Nzvimbo iripo paEast European Plain, mukati meVolga Upland.
Площадь 43, 3 zviuru sq. km. Iyo nharaunda yenharaunda kubva kumadokero kuenda kumabvazuva ndeye 330 km, kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba - 204 km.
Dunhu iri rinowanikwa pamubatanidzwa wemasango matatu echisikigo: iri pakati chernozem, isiri-chernozem uye yakaoma yeVolga.
Kukura kwevanhu dunhu maererano neRosstat vanhu 1, vacho 360% vagari vekumaruwa.
Mamiriro okunze zvine mwero kondinendi, ine mwaka unopisa kwazvo (avhareji tembiricha yaChikunguru + 19 ... 21 ° С) uye kutonhora kwechando (-11 ° ... 13 ° С). Kunaya ndiyo isina kugadzikana mamiriro emamiriro ekunze: huwandu hwemari yegore mudunhu inochinja mukati me450-500 mm, mumakore akaoma inodonha kusvika ku350 mm, uye mumakore akanyorova inokwira kusvika 775 mm. Kusanaya kwematsutso kune hunhu, nguva dzakaoma dzinowanzo dzokororwa muzhizha.
Natural nemamiriro ekunze mamiriro ekunze uye zvekurima kugona Dunhu rePenza rinokutendera iwe kuti uwane gohwo rakanaka rekukohwa mbatatisi.
Pakutanga kwegore rino, gavhuna wedunhu akaisa basa rakakomba kune vanoona nezvematunhu - kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemapatata anotengeswa.
Nhamba dzakakwira
Kwemakore mashanu apfuura, nzvimbo yakasimwa matapiri mumasangano ezvekurima uye mapurazi evarimi ePenza mudunhu yakura zvakanyanya: kubva pa2,7 zviuru mahekita muna2009 kusvika ku5,0 mahekita muna2013. Muna 2014, matapiri anogara mahekita zviuru mazana mashanu nezviuru muchikamu chakarongeka; muhuwandu, varimi vekurima vemhando dzose dzevaridzi vanofanira kubvisa mbatatisi kubva munzvimbo inosvika 5,8 mahekita zviuru.
Kukohwa kwakakura kwembatatisi muna 2014 mumasangano ezvekurima uye mapurazi evarombo ePenza mudunhu akarongwa padanho remakumi masere ematani. Aya ndiwo marongero akakomba evarimi venharaunda. Saka, muna 80, goho rakakura rembatatisi mune rekutengeserana rakasvika matani zviuru mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nematatu, muna 2009 - 37,3 zviuru zvematani.
Panguva yekugadzirira izvo zvinhu (panosvika Nyamavhuvhu 27), emabhizimusi ekurima emhando dzese dzevaridzi akakohwa mbatatuta kubva munzvimbo ine zviuru zvina makumi maviri nezvishanu nemahekita zviuru zvitatu, zviuru zvina mazana matatu nezviuru zvina mazana matanhatu nenomwe zvakaunganidzwa, goho repakati rose raive 24,62 kg / ha.
Mumapurazi akarongeka, mbatatisi dzakakohwewa kubva munzvimbo inosvika 367 mahekita, matani zviuru zvina nemazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi mashanu emakotoni akakohwa, goho repakati nepakati rine 4,92 kg / ha. Kukohwa mbatatisi kuri kuitwa pakumhanya kwakanaka mumatunhu eShemysheysky, Lopatinsky, Vadinsky nePenza mudunhu rePenza.
Dunhu Rekutsigira Zvirongwa
Kuita zvirongwa zvekuda uye kuwana mibairo yakanaka mukugadzirwa kwembatatisi - izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinoitwa nehurumende kutsigira matanho kuburikidza nebazi rezvekurima.
Mwaka uno, mukutsigira kugadzirwa kwe mbatatisi uye miriwo, vagadziri vekurima veDunhu rePenza vakapa rutsigiro rusinga pindirane mumunda wezvekurima zvirimwa muhuwandu hwemazana matanhatu mazana maviri emakumi mahekita pahekita imwe yenzvimbo yakadyarwa, zana zana muzana rekupimhidzira zvekare kwenguva pfupi (kusvika gore 6) uye kwenguva refu (kubva pa200 kusvika pamakore masere uye kubva pamakore maviri kusvika gumi) zvikwereti uye kukwereta.
Zvikwereti zvinosvika mamirioni mashanu rubles zvakaendeswa kumakwikwi ekugadzira varimi (varimi) mapurazi anoshanda mukugadzira, kuchengetedza, kurongedza nekugadzirisa mbatatisi nemiriwo sechikamu chechirongwa chebazi chinangwa "Kutsigira kwevarimi vekutangisa kwegore ra1,5-2012".
Mwaka uno, kupihwa kwemamirioni mazana mashanu emadhora ekuvandudza mbatatisi nemiriwo inomera ichawana vapfumbamwe vatori vechikamu muzvirongwa zvechirongwa. Parizvino, Ministry of Agriculture yedunhu yakazivisa danho rechipiri remakwikwi ekugamuchira zvikumbiro zvekupinda muchirongwa ichi chebazi.
Uye zvakare, gore rino, varimi vekurima vakapa chikamu chemubhadharo wekutenga mhando dzembatatisi dzenzvimbo mune huwandu hwemazana mazana mashanu emabhuru. Chimwe chikamu chemitengo yekugadzira nzvimbo dzekuvhiya inopihwa senge chikamu chechirongwa chakakosha chehupfumi mudunhu
"Kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvinhu kwakanangana nekuvandudza budiriro ye mbatatisi, miriwo, michero uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekurima mudunhu rePenza gore ra 2014-2016."
Chirongwa ichi chinopa kudzoserwa kwemakumi matatu muzana emitengo yekuvaka (kuvandudza, kuvandudza), kutenga michina nemidziyo yekugadzirisa uye kuisa pekuchengetera, michina yekugadzirisa uye mitsetse yekuita chikamu chenguva yekugadzirisa, kuturikira, kuchengetedza, firiji, michina yekufambisa uye kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze.
Parizvino, chirongwa chikuru chiri kuitika mudunhu rePenza mudunhu reBelinsky kugadzira nzvimbo yekugadzira, kuchengetedza nekutengesa mbatatisi neBashmakovsky Bread CJSC. Chikamu chega chega chegadziriro yezvinhu chakakomberedza kuchengetedza uye kutengeswa kwekutanga kwekutengesa mbatatisi uye miriwo ine huremu hwematani zviuru gumi neshanu, zvinosanganisira zvitanhatu zvearched-mhando storages yemazana zviuru zviviri zvematani matani imwe neimwe uye chivakwa cheimba chinobatanidza ivo, umo kuronga kugadzira mitsara ichave iripo uye kurongedza.
SEED FUND
Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, iri mumusha unoshanda weLunino, inobatsira kupa mbatatisi yembeu mudunhu iri. Iyo Sangano rave richishanda zvakabudirira kwemakore anopfuura zana. Vashandi vePenz-NIIISH vanopa vatengi mhodzi hutano hwemakumi maviri nemaviri emaputi.
Mune iyi runyorwa mune mepakutanga mhando (Zhukovsky kutanga, Zhigulevsky, Darenka, Vineta, Penza chaiyo, Duckling, Luck, Bullfinch); pakati-kutanga (Svitanok Kiev, Ramsay, Russian souvenir, Tale); pakati-mwaka (Roco); pakati kunonoka (Lorch).
Kuwedzera kune aya matunhu akasarudzika, Sante, Valiza, Golubizna, Robin, Master, Petersburg, Nikulinsky, Vamwene, Batya, Bryansk delicacy inowanikwawo. Mhando dzose dzinoratidzwa nekukwira kwakanyanya, kupokana nezvirwere, mharidzo yepamusoro.
KUFUNGWA KWEMAHARA
Kutaura nezvekutengeswa mbatatisi, zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti iyi nyaya yakakosha inosarudzirwa nebazi rezvekurima imomo. Misangano yekushanda inoitwa nguva zhinji nevanogadzira zvekurima uye vamiriri vevatengesi vekutengesa. Parinhasi, mhedzisiro yatovepo: mbatatuta dzepano dzasvika kumatanga emaketani. Iri idanho rakakura kune vanogadzira zvigadzirwa uye mhedzisiro yakajeka yebasa rakarongeka rakabatana rePenza Region Government.
Ikozvino pane chibvumirano pamusoro pekugoverwa kwemamwe mavhoriyamu mbatatisi kuzvitoro zvemuno Penza maketeni uye federal vatengesi. Mudunhu, kudyidzana kwemabhizimusi ekutengesa emafomu ese nevagadziri vePenza kuri kukura gore rega rega. Pamusoro pezvo, Ministry of Agriculture iri kushanda nezvenyaya yekugadzira "makona evarimi" mumabhizimusi ekutengeserana, ayo anozopa zvigadzirwa zvine hushamwari zvigadzirwa zvevagadziri vemuno nemitengo inokwanisika, senge, "kubva kubindu kuenda kukitchen".
Kutengeswa mbatatisi kwechirimwa chitsva chakasimwa mudunhu rePenza kwakatanga mumasangano eInternet Union “Ruwa Rangu Rwechitoro”. Pano, ivo vanogutswa nemhando yematatata uye vanotarisira kuenderera mberi nekubatana kwezvibereko. Mukutengesa, mbatatisi zvinotengeswa nemutengo wegumi nemaviri rubles. 12 kopecks kwe 90 kg.
Tinogona kutaura zvakachengeteka kuti dunhu rePenza rinokwanisa kupa huwandu hwevanhu vemudunhu nembatatisi repamusoro. Uye zvakare, kune mikana chaiyo yekupa zvirimwa zvinopfuura muRussia yese.
Nhasi, tapihwa mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi ari pamisika, tinogona kutaura kuti matanho akasimba ehupfumi akaunzwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwenyika ane chekuchengetedza zvido zvenyika, kusanganisira zvido zvechikafu.
Izvo zvirango zvakaunzwa, pamwe, zvichakanganisa varimi vekurima pane yakanaka nzira.
Mumakore mashoma apfuura, agro-maindasitiri tata yanga ichiratidzira kukura kwakasimba mukugadzirwa kwezvirimwa zvekudya zvekurima, kuvhura mikana mitsva yevanogadzira dzimba dzekurima, kunyanya, Penza.
Musika wekudya unozozadzwa nezvigadzirwa zvitsva, zvemhando yepamusoro zvekudya, izvo, sekuumbwa kwemashandisirwo anoratidza, zvakanakira vagari vedu kupinda vekunze.
Zvinyorwa zvacho zvakagadziriswa nebepanhau rekushandira Ministry of Agriculture yePenza Dunhu