Vagari vemo: 618703 vanhu, avo vangangoita 30% vagari vekumaruwa.
Nzvimbo yenzvimbo: dunhu iri kuchamhembe-kumadokero kwechikamu cheEurope chenyika, iri chikamu cheNorth-West Federal District.
Mamiriro ekunze: inodziya kondinendi, padyo negungwa. Kunyanyisa hunyoro, kutonhorera kunonoka kwematsutso, kutonhorera zhizha, kudziya kwenguva refu matsutso, nyoro nguva yechando hunhu. Munguva yechando, mamiriro ekunze ane makore uye anowanzo nyungudika anogara mudunhu. Muzhizha, inowanzo kunaya, kazhinji kwenguva pfupi (mazuva gumi nemaviri kusvika kumwedzi pamwedzi nemvura). Mumatsutso, mamiriro ekunze ane makore ane mhute yakareba (mazuva 12-17 pamwedzi) anokunda, kunaya kuri kunyanya muchimiro chemvura inonaya kwenguva refu, munaNovember, kazhinji muchimiro chechando chakanyorova.
Wepakati avhareji tembiricha yemhepo ndeye + 4,9 ° С. Iyo yakanyanyisa hunyoro hunyoro inoonekwa mumatsutso-nguva yechando, munaNovember-Zvita inosvika panosvika 88%. Ivhareji zuva remafiro ekupedzisira muchirimo ndi18 Chivabvu, yekutanga chando mumatsutso ndi18 Gunyana. Ivhareji yenguva yenguva isina chando mazuva gumi nemana.
Munguva yekukura mwaka (mazuva 175), mazana mana emakumi mana nemakumi mana emvura emvura inonaya (400% yemaitiro egore). Zhizha (nguva kubva t kumusoro + 430 ° С) inotora mazuva zana nemakumi mana. Chakafukidza chando chakavhara pakati paDecember (zuva rekutanga ndiNovember 60) uye rinotora mazuva 10-140.
Ruyamuro. Kumadokero kwenharaunda kune nzvimbo yakati sandara yePililmenskaya lowland, iyo kukwirira kwayo kusingapfuuri 60-70 m pamusoro pegungwa. Kumabvazuva, kune iyo Valdai Upland ine yega inosimuka nehurefu hwakazara hunosvika kumamita mazana matatu. Mativi ese ari maviri akapatsanurwa munzvimbo dzakaparadzana dzine mafomu madiki eruyamuro. Izvi zvinonyanya kutaurwa mukati meValdai Upland.
Ivhu. Iyo nharaunda inotungamirwa nevhu-podzolic ivhu, kazhinji rakazara nemvura kune akasiyana madhigirii. Izvo zvakasarudzika maficha idiki diki mukobvu weiyo inokwanisika jengachenga, yakakwira acidity, yakaderera zvemukati yezvinovaka muviri uye yakaderera humus zvemukati.
Nzvimbo yekurima nzvimbo: 703,3 zviuru mahekita.
Dunhu reNovgorod ndomumwe wevatungamiriri muNorthwestern Federal District mukugadzirwa kwembatatisi. Kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo ino kunogoneswa nevhu rakaringana uye mamiriro ekunze uye padyo nemisika mikuru yekutengesa. Kukura kwembatatisi kunoonekwa senzira inobatsira kwazvo muindasitiri inokura indasitiri. Iko purofiti iri pakati pe25 kusvika 45%. Nomuzvarirwo, huwandu hwekugadzirwa kwemapatata anotengesa huri kukura gore rega rega. Ngatiyeuchidzei kuti muna 2000 mudunhu reNovgorod chete 160-180 zviuru zvematani e "chingwa chechipiri" chakasimwa. Muna 2015, varimi vekurima vemudunhu iri vakaburitsa anopfuura zviuru mazana matatu nemakumi masere neshanu zvematani embatatisi, inova zvikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana zvichienzaniswa nezvakabuda gore rapfuura (kusanganisira goho rakakura mumasangano ezvekurima rakawedzera ne 368%, mumapurazi evarombo - ne20%). Nekudaro, kune wese mugari wenharaunda yeNovgorod gore rino kune 87 kg yematatari pachiyero che85 kg.
Kazhinji, kugadzirwa kwembatatisi kwakura ka1,7 nguva mukati memakore mashanu apfuura.
Zvekuvandudza budiriro yezvekurima uye kuwedzera kugadzikana kwemari kwevagadziri vekurima, rutsigiro rwehurumende runodikanwa. Matanho akadaro ekutsigira anofungidzirwa mukati mehurongwa hwehurongwa hwematunhu "Kuvandudzwa kweiyo agro-indasitiri yakaoma yeNovgorod dunhu ra2014-2020" uye chirongwa chebazi "Chinangwa chekukura kwembatatisi nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu (nzvimbo dzakawanda) nzvimbo dzekuchengetera, kugadzirira-kutengesa uye kutengeswa kwembatatisi, miriwo nemichero mu Dunhu reNovgorod ra2014-2016 ". Pasi pezvirongwa izvi, varimi vekurima vemudunhu iri vanowana rubatsiro rwekutenga nekugadzira mbeu yematatisi, kutenga michina yekuchengetera, kugadzirira-kutangisa nekutengesa matapiri, miriwo nemichero.
Mbatata mapurazi
Izvo zvinodiwa zvinodiwa zviri kugadzirwa mudunhu kuti zviwedzere kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro mbatatisi.Mapurazi evarimi eIvan Geletey naSergei Yakovlev vanobva mudunhu reBorovichi vanoratidza mhedzisiro mhedzisiro. Anatoly Lipatov, Denis Pavlyuk, Ivan Pireyev vanobva kuNovgorod dunhu. Goho mavari rinosvika 500 kg / ha.
Zviratidzo zvepamusoro mukurima mbatatisi zvinoitwa gore rega rega mumapurazi eVladimir Kondranin, Arbi Kadyrov anobva mudunhu reShimky, Nikolai Kolesnikov anobva kuSoletsky district. Chibereko mumabhizinesi aya chakatarwa padanho re250-280 kg / ha.
Mapurojekiti matsva ekugadzirwa kwembatata pane dzichangotangwa nyika arikuitwawo mudunhu iri. Mudunhu reVolotovsky, Novgorodskaya Potato Sistema LLC yakadyara mahekita zana ematatata gore rino, goho raive 100 c / ha. Gore rinotevera kambani iri kuda kuwedzera nzvimbo yekudyara kusvika kumahekita mazana matatu. Munharaunda yeSoletsky, LLC "Bristol" yakadyara mahekita mazana mana nemakumi matanhatu embatatisi, goho racho raive 300 c / ha. Pane zvirongwa zvekuwedzera nzvimbo iyi kuma300 mahekita. Paunenge uchisvika padanho rekugadzira, huwandu hwekugadzira mbatatisi huchave chiuru zana nemakumi matatu nematatu ematani.
Infrastructure
Zvekuchengetera, pre-sale kugadzirira uye kutengesa kwembatatisi, matatu ekugadzirisa nzvimbo akavakwa mudunhu (maviri muNovgorod uye imwe mumatunhu eBorovichi), ayo anogona kubata anosvika zviuru makumi mana nezvishanu zvematani ematatata. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kupa vanhu vemudunhu zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro gore rese, kupa mbatatisi nyowani kuzvitoro zvemaketeni uye kuzvitengesa kunze kwenzvimbo, izvo zvine mhedzisiro pane mari yevagadziri. Pakupera kwegore rino, nzvimbo nyowani dzekuchengetera mbatatisi dzinokwana matani zviuru mazana mashanu nezviuru mashanu zvichazotanga kushanda mudunhu iri. Muna 45, zvakarongerwa kuvaka mamwe maviri mbatatari mumatura eSoletsky neShimky ane huwandu hwese hwekuchengetedza matani zviuru makumi matatu.
Mbeu iri kukura
Iko kukura kwe mbatatisi inokura hazvigoneke pasina mhando yepamusoro mbeu. Minda mishanu yemazamu yemapatatari akagadzwa mudunhu reNovgorod.
Iye zvino mabhizinesi ari kushingaira kusimukira. Gore rino, nzvimbo iri pasi pekudyarwa kwembatatisi yakawedzera ne8% (zvichienzaniswa nedanho ra2014).
Izvo zvakarongwa kuti aya mapurazi achaburitsa anopfuura zviuru zvisere zvematani emhando yemazamu embeu yemhando yepamusoro. Nhanho inotevera ichave kugadzirwa kwerabhoritari yekugadzira mhodzi dzembatatisi pasina hutachiona.
Frames
Zvikoro zvitatu zvesekondari zvekudzidzisa zvehunyanzvi hwekurima uye iyo Institute of Agriculture uye Natural zviwanikwa zveNovSU zviri kubudirira kushanda munzvimbo yeNovgorod. Ivo vanopa dunhu nevashandi vanokwanisa. Gore rega rega, aya masosi edzidzo anopa madhipuroma kune vangangoita mazana mana nyanzvi dzedzidzo yekosi yepamusorosoro uye nyanzvi makumi mashanu dzevadzidzi vehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, vazhinji vevakapedza kudzidza vanoenderera mberi nehunyanzvi hwavo mumabhizimusi anotungamira ekurima mudunhu iri.
Matarisiro
Chinangwa chikuru chedunhu mumunda wezvekurima ndechekusvika kuzere kupihwa kwevagari nezvigadzirwa zvekudya zvinogadzirwa paNovgorod ivhu. Panyaya iyi, nzira yekukura mbatatisi inogona kushanda semuenzaniso kune vamwe vese. Iyo nharaunda yatove yakazara zvizere-yakakwana mumapatatisi nhasi. Gore rinotevera rakarongerwa kuburitsa zviuru mazana mana ematani embatatisi, uye kune chivimbo chekuti basa iri nderechokwadi uye rinogadziriswa.
Dunhu iri rine zvirevo zvemasaiti ekudyara ekuvandudza nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, mamwe acho atove kudiwa nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze ekudyara akagadzirwa mudunhu iri.
Vapepeti vanoda kutenda Dhipatimendi Rezvekurima uye Chikafu cheNovgorod Dunhu nekugadzirira izvo zvinyorwa.