Nharaunda: 76624 sq. Km
Vagari: 3 vanhu, vacho 202% vagari veguta.
Nzvimbo: Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda yakatarisana nenzvimbo yeKostroma kuchamhembe-kumadokero, nzvimbo yeKirov kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva, nyika dzeMari El neChuvashia kumabvazuva, Republic of Mordovia kumaodzanyemba, Ryazan nharaunda kumaodzanyemba-kumavirira, uye Vladimir uye Ivanovo matunhu.
Mamiriro ekunze dzinopisa makondinendi, kunotonhora, kunonaya nguva refu uye kupfupisa kwezhizha.
Rubatsiro: dunhu iri riri pakati peEast European Plain. Iyo ndima yakakamurwa kuita maviri akaringana zvikamu: iro dondo rakadzika Trans-Volga uye rakapotsa risingabatsiri rakakwirira Pre-Volga.
Ivhu: sod-podzolic uye podzolic soils inokunda (66% yenzvimbo); grey sango inogara 16,3%; chernozemic 7,9%; alluvial mafashama 3,6%; marsh uye peat 6,2%.
Nzvimbo yekurima: Mahekita 2,7 miriyoni mahekita
Iyo Nizhny Novgorod mudunhu netsika mumwe wegumi (uye kazhinji, iwo mashanu epamusoro) eRussia matunhu-vatungamiriri mukugadzira mbatatisi. Isu takambonyora nezve budiriro yayo munzvimbo ino muna 2016, asi mumakore apfuura, varimi veNizhny Novgorod varimi vakawana mibairo mitsva inooneka.
Zvakanakira 2019
Muna 2019, masangano ezvekurima nemapurovhinzi mudunhu akagovera zviuru gumi nezvitanhatu mahekitati mbatata. Pakupera kwemwaka, anenge mazana mashanu ezviuru zvematani matani akabikwa (kunze kwedzimba dzakazvimiririra), iyo iri 14,7% yakakwira kupfuura iyo nhanho ye500. Dunhu reNizhny Novgorod rakatora nzvimbo yechitatu maererano nezve goho rakakura rekudyara mbatatisi muRussia.
Chigadzirwa chembatatisi
MuNizhny Novgorod Dunhu, mapurazi manomwe anogadzira mbeu dzekudzivirira mbatatisi yakakura. Potato microclonal kuparadzira kunoitwa LLC Latkin (Arzamassky dunhu), LLC Elitkhoz (Borsky dunhu), LLC Axentis (Gorodetsky dunhu), pamwe nebazi reFSBI Rosselkhoztsentr muNizhny Novgorod Dunhu. Bhizinesi rega rega rinobatsira mukusimudzira kwenzvimbo ino mudunhu.
Nekudaro, muna 2020, bazi reFSBI Rosselkhoztsentr muNizhny Novgorod Dunhu rakagadzira chirongwa chekudziridza mbatatisi munzvimbo dzakadziya kupisa muna 20: yakagadza nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa yekukura mbatatisi-diki, ine michina yakakosha yekutenderera-nguva-yekuchengetera kupisa kwakanyanya uye humhutu. kwete chete mumwaka unodziya, asiwo panotonhora tembiricha. Pakupera kwaKurume, zvidyarwa zviuru makumi maviri zvakasimwa muminda miviri yekudyara.
Zvakare gore rino, iyo Nizhny Novgorod Rosselkhoztsentr yakanyatsobudirira kugadzirwa kweyakagadzirwa kweiyo mbatatisi minitubers mu vitro pahwaro hweBolshemurashkinsky dhipatimendi redunhu.
Kuvaka kweiyo greenhouse tata yekugadzirwa kwemacicubers emapoteni mudunhu reGorodetsky (LLC "Akentis") kuri kuenderera, iri rimwe remapurojekiti akakura ekudyara mumunda wekurima mudunhu redu.
Muzhinji, huwandu hwakakosha hwemapurisa emhando yepamusoro anogadzirwa mudunhu, izvo zvinobvumidza kugutsa zvido zvevarimi vemuno vekurima uye kuburitsa zvigadzirwa kunze kwenzvimbo
Mhando mbatata dzinozivikanwa kwazvo mudunhu iri Gala, Red Scarlett, Colomba, Vineta, Breeze, Innovator.
Reclamation pamusoro
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakuona kuti kubereka kwevhu ivhu kudiridza uye kudhirazve kwemvura.
Dunhu rakagadzira chirongwa chehurumende "Kubudirira kweiyo agro-indasitiri yakaoma yeNizhny Novgorod Dunhu", yakabvumidzwa neMutemo weHurumende yeNizhny Novgorod Dunhu munaKubvumbi 28, 2014 Nhamba 280, iyo inosanganisira Subprogram "Kubudirira kweNyika Kugadzirwazve Kwekurima Pasi reNizhny Novgorod" kusvika 2020.
Munguva yechirongwa ichi (kubva 2016 kusvika 2019), mahekita 7167,7 enzvimbo yekurima akadiridzwa akagadzwa mudunhu iri (nekuda kwekuvakwa kutsva uye kuvakwazve kwemaitiro ekudzoreredza).
Mu2019, maererano nechibvumirano neHurumende Yezvekurima yeRussia muNizhny Novgorod Dunhu, zvaive zvakakodzera kuti ishandiswe mahekita 1755,4 epasi rakadzoserwa, asi chirongwa chakazadziswa ne101%: iyo yekudiridza michina yakaiswa pa1779,02 mahekita. Mishonga yekudiridza yakatangwa muArzamas, Shatkovsky, Sergach, Vorotynsky neSharangsky matunhu ematunhu.
Kwekuitwa kwechirongwa ichi muna 2019, zviuru makumi maviri nezvisere nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi manna neshanu zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu zvakagoverwa kubva kuhurumende yemubatanidzwa.
Muna 2020, dunhu richazofanira kuita basa rekudzokorodza munzvimbo inosvika 1641 mahekita.
Chaizvoizvo, madiridziro ekudiridza mudunhu anoshandiswa kudiridzira mbatatisi (mune Arzamassky, Shatkovsky uye Gorodetsky district), miriwo (muShatkovsky, Krasnobakovsky matunhu), minda (muSergachsky, Vorotynsky uye Sharangsky matunhu).
Kugadziriswazve kwepasi kunowedzera zvakanyanya mashandisirwo emaminerari mafetiraiza. Kugadzirwa kwe mbatatisi mukudiridza kunowedzera kubva pa257 kg / ha (avhareji mhedzisiro mudunhu) kusvika 500 kg / ha, karoti - kusvika 583 kg / ha. Nekuda kweizvi, mutengo wekugadzira wakaderedzwawo.
Dunhu rakatarisana nebasa rekuenderera mberi nekusimudzira nyika. Iyi inzira yakavimbiswa yekuwedzera zvigadzirwa zvemhando dzese dzezvirimwa.
Tumira kunze
Vagadziri vekurima veNizhny Novgorod vanoendesa kunze mbatata kuRepublic yeMoldova.
Muna 2019, anopfuura zviuru zvishanu matani eware mbatatisi anokosha anenge mamirioni makumi mashanu rubles akaendeswa kune ino nyika. Vanonyanya kutumira kunze kwenyika ndiAgrofirm Rus, TNV Mir Yashchenko uye Kambani, Belorechye CJSC, Vetluga Agricultural Complex.
Ministry of Agriculture yeNizhny Novgorod Dunhu inopa rutsigiro kumabhizinesi ezvekurima mudunhu iri mukuronga mabasa ekunze uye inotarisira kuti nhungamiro iyi ichavandudza: huwandu hwekuwedzera huchakura, uye geography ichawedzera.
Kugadziriswa mbatatisi
Kugadzira mbatatisi indasitiri inovimbisa yenzvimbo yeNizhny Novgorod, yakapihwa huwandu hwekugadzirwa. Nehurombo, panguva ino kune mashoma mabhizinesi anogadzira zvigadzirwa zvembatatisi mudunhu: kugadzirwa kwehuni mbatatisi (Syryatinsky Starch Plant) kwatangwa, kune nzvimbo dzekudyara dzekugadzira mbudzi-dzakacheneswa mbatatisi (LLC Latkin, LLC Echo uye zvimwe). Isu tinoshuvira kuti vanogona kuve vanoisa mari vanoonga zvinogoneka mudunhu, uye runyorwa urwu ruchakura zvakanyanya.
Zvinhu zvinogadziriswa nevhisi yekushandira hushumiri hwekurima uye zvekushandisa zvekudya zveNizhny Novgorod mudunhu
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