Mbeu yemidzi, inova yakakosha muindasitiri yezvikafu, ichave nenguva yekukura zvizere muna 2021, vanodaro nyanzvi dzekambani yaNyamavhuvhu, chikuru muRussia inogadzira zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza michero. Iko kukura kukuru kweshuga bhinzi, kwakaitika muna 2020, hakuna kudzokorora, chiyero chayo chakazove chidiki kanoverengeka uye muzhizha rino chirimwa chichava nenguva yakakwana yekuwana huremu uye kuunganidza huwandu hwakaringana hweiyo sucrose. Nekudaro, mune mamiriro ekunze anodziya uye ane hunyoro, kuwedzerwa kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakudzivirirwa kwemashizha emashizha, pamwe nekuora kwemidzi, iyo, panguva yemvura inonaya kwenguva refu, inogona kutorera varimi zvizhinji zvezvirimwa.
Kubva munaChikumi 1, 2021, zvibvumirano zvinogadzirisa mitengo yekutengesa neshuga zvakamira kushanda muRussia. Ivo vakapedziswa pakati paZvita 2020 pakati peGurukota rezvemaindasitiri nekutengeserana, iro Ministry rezvekurima, vatengesi nevatengesi kuitira kuchengetedza kuwanikwa kwechigadzirwa kune veruzhinji. Iko kudiwa kweichi kwaive kukonzeresa kweakaderera shuga beet kukohwa muna 2020. Icho chikonzero chaive kusanaya kwemvura uye zvimwe zviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze: chikamu chakakosha chembeu yebeet yakadyarwa yakabviswa kana kushambidzwa, saka kuwedzerwa kukuru kwaidikanwa. Sekureva kwaVladimir Peshekhonov, nyanzvi inotungamira mukusimudzira zvigadzirwa muCentral Nhema Nyika Dunhu, huwandu hwekudyara zvakare shuga beet mugore rapfuura hwasvika 50-70% mumapurazi akasiyana enyika. Beet dzakadai hadzina nguva yekuwana kuibva kwehunyanzvi - zvirinani kusvika pakudyarwa kwavo nenguva, uye vaive varombo zvakanyanya mune sucrose zvemukati.
"Muna 2021, mamiriro ezvinhu ave kuita nani," anodaro Vladimir Peshekhonov. - Kudyara zvakare kwakawandisa pasi pegore rakapfuura: ingangoita gumi muzana yenzvimbo dzese dzakadyarwa pasi peshuga beet munyika. Huwandu hwegoho hunofungidzirwawo kuti hwakakwira. "Hazvizove zvemashiripiti, zvisinei, tichava negoho repakati nepakati pasina kushomeka."
Matunhu makuru ekurimwa kweshuga beet muRussia ndiwo Kuban, Stavropol, Rostov dunhu nematunhu eCentral Chernozem dunhu: Belgorod, Tambov, Lipetsk, Kursk, Voronezh, Oryol, Penza matunhu. Zvakare, chirimwa ichi chinogarwa nenzvimbo diki munzvimbo yeNizhny Novgorod, Mordovia, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai Territory.
Zvirwere zvikuru izvo zvinowanzo deredza goho rehuga beet - cercosporosis uye ramulariasis - zvinowedzera hunhu hwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvakawanikwa uye kupfupisa hupenyu hwesherufu hwemidzi yezvirimwa. MuRussia, chinonyanya kukuvadza cercosporosis. Izvo zvinonzi fungal zvirwere zvinozviratidza semashizha emashizha, uye kukuvara kwemashizha kunokanganisa metabolism inowanikwa mukati memuti. Mukuwedzera, powdery mildew yakajairika mushuga beet. Mamiriro ekunze anodziya uye ane hunyoro akakunda mumatunhu akakura ekukura mukati mehafu yekutanga yezhizha ra2021 akagadzira izvo zvekutanga zvekutapukira kwezvirwere. Nekudzivirira uye kurwisa zvirwere, Nyanzvi Nyamavhuvhu dzinokurudzira mishonga yakadai saRaek, Baliy, Rakurs, Kolosal Pro, Tirada, Credo naBenorad.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kurapwa kwezvirimwa nemishonga yekupedzisira miviri kunoonekwa kunoshanda mukudzivirira kweinonzi midzi midzi - huwandu hwakawanda hwemidzi yekuora iyo inobata beet tubers. Rots inokonzerwa nehutachiona inogara ichigara muvhu inowanzoonekwa mumamiriro ekunyanyisa kwemvura. Midzi kuora kunowanzo kunetsa kurwisa kupfuura chirwere chemashizha. Sekutaura kwaVladimir Peshekhonov, kumuka kweBacteriosis kwakatonyoreswa muCentral Nharaunda Yenyika, uye nyanzvi kubva kumarabhoritari maviri ekurima agro "Augusta", anoshanda mudunhu, ave kugamuchira huwandu hukuru hwekunyorera kubva kuvarimi kune kuongororwa kwezvirwere. Kana iyo mvura inodonha ichidhonzera zvakare, midzi kuora infestation kunogona kuve kwakapararira uye chinenge chirimwa chose chiri panjodzi.
Panyaya yezvipukanana, zvirimwa zvemidzi zvinowanzotyisidzirwa nebeet weevil, iyo yakaratidza kunyanya kukuvadza gore rino. Sekureva kwenyanzvi dze "Nyamavhuvhu", kuitira kuchengetedza zvirimwa zvebeet muSouthern Federal District, varimi vekurima vakatofanira kuita anosvika mana ekurapa zvipembenene. Zvakare, kuputika kwezvipukanana zvine polyphagous senge meadow moth kana gamma moth kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kumuti. Nekudaro, nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti kazhinji, 2021 ichiri yakanyatsogadzikana yeshuga bhinzi, uye vanotarisira mamiriro akanaka ekuvandudza tsika mwaka uno.