Mwaka wa2019 / 2020 uchaderera munhoroondo yekurima mudzimba segoho rine rupo, asi rakasimba (zvine chekuita nevarimi vekurima) - nemitengo. Kabichi, makarotsi, hanyanisi, beet - izvi zvese zvirimwa panopera mwaka wechando zvakave magamba eiyo Rosstat chiyero chakatsaurirwa kune zvigadzirwa zvakawira mumutengo zvakanyanya sezvinobvira mugore rapfuura. Ngatijekesei ipapo ipapo: chete shuga yakakwanisa kuvabata mune ino inosuruvara runyorwa.
Asi mbatatisi hadzina kuverengerwa pachiyero - nekuda kwekuti mitengo yadzo yakaramba yakaderera kwemakore akati wandei.
POTOTOES
Sekureva kweBazi rezvekurima reRussia Federation, goho rakakura kwazvo rembatatisi muindasitiri yakakura kusvika pamatani mazana manomwe nemakumi mashanu, iyo iri 7,5% kupfuura muna 5,5 (matani emamirioni 2018) uye 7,1% yakakwira kudarika avhareji yegore rose makore mashanu apfuura (9,5 Mamirioni 6,9 ematani). Mamiriro ekunze anodiwa panguva yekukura anokanganisa goho rekukohwa (yakawedzera kusvika pa255,6 c / ha kurwisa 234,8 c / ha muna 2018), uye kudziya uye kwakaomarara kwezhizha kuri kwese kwese (kunze kwenzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzematunhu eNorth-West neUral , Far Eastern Federal Dunhu) inobvumidzwa kuunganidza zvigadzirwa kusvika pakukora. Nekudaro, rekodhi yakawanikwa kunyangwe nekudzikisira kushoma munzvimbo dzekurima (muna 2019, mbatatisi dzaigara dzinosvika zviuru makumi matatu nemakumi matatu nenhatu ha, muna 302,3, chirimwa chakasimwa padunhu re2018 zviuru ha). Sezvingatarisirwa, kuwana uku hakuna kuunza mufaro kuvagadziri vekurima.
Kuwedzeredza kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa pamusika zvakakonzera kuwedzera matambudziko ekutengesa uye kuderera kwemitengo, izvo, zvingaite sezvisina nzvimbo yekudonha kwenguva yakareba. Pakusvika nguva yechando, mbatatisi dziri munzvimbo dzinotungamira dzekugadzira dzaitengeswa kuma5 7 rubles / kg (yakazara), zvichienderana nemhando yebatch. Muchokwadi, vagadziri vakatengesa zvigadzirwa pamutengo, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange pazasi pazvo. MunaFebruary, mutengo wechigadzirwa wakakwira kusvika 8-9 rubles / kg, uye kune vazhinji mhedzisiro iyi yaive zvakare kure nechido.
Iyo gore zvakare, mushure meiyo imwecheteyo rekodhi 2015, yakasimbisa kuti Russia haidi tafura mbatatisi muhuwandu hwakadai. Kugadzira mavhoriyamu - kunyangwe uchifunga nezvekuvambwa kwemabhizimusi muLipetsk, Tyumen nedzimwe nzvimbo - dzakakura zvisina basa pamusoro pemakore mana (pakatarisana neiyi nhoroondo, nhau nezve kubhuroka kweEcoFrio mudunhu reBryansk dzinotaridza kusuruvara zvakanyanya).
Kunyangwe hazvo kutumira kunze kwenyika kwawedzera, haisi kusarudza musika. Indasitiri iri munyatwa.
Sezvineiwo, varimi vembatatisi muUkraine, uko kune kushomeka kwembatata pamusika, uye mitengo yezvigadzirwa yanga ichirova zvese zvinyorwa kubva Nyamavhuvhu, zvakare funga mwaka wa2019 / 20 usina kubudirira. Varimi vanotaura zvikonzero zvikuru zviviri zvezvinetso. Yokutanga ndiyo yakasarudzika sarudzo yekutengesa. Vazhinji varimi vembatatisi vafunga kudzora goho kusvika nguva yechando, vachivimba kuti panguva ino chigadzirwa chichakwira mumutengo kusvika padanho repamusoro.
Ndiani angave akafungidzira kuti danho iri raizosvikika chairo mukati mekukohwa? Yakatove munaAugust, gungwa rezvigadzirwa kubva kune "vavakidzani" rakapinda munyika, uye riine runyerekupe rwekusaziva kusimuka rakapinda, rikaita danho rakakura.
Mitengo yakakwira kusvika padanho rakawandisa, asi izvi hazvina kumisa vatengi. Wese munhu aiziva kuti kupera kwezhizha uye kutanga kwematsutso ndiyo nguva yemapatata anodhura, uye munhu wese aitya kuti zvaizotonyanya.
Asi kupenga kwacho kwaitarisirwa kupera: vagari vakaunganidzirwa remangwana, kudiwa kwakadonha, mitengo yakawa. Iye zvino mapurazi ane sarudzo: kutengesa kana kumirira kuti huwandu hwevanhu hupere muzvinhu zvese. Zvakare, hapana nguva yekumirira, uye kuyerera kwematatidziro okusiri asiri echiUkraine mavambo hakuome, nekuti mitengo yezvakawandisa (maererano naDecember 2019) ikozvino yakakwira zvakapetwa kairi muRussia. Panguva imwecheteyo (ndepano pairi, dambudziko repiri!), Kune chikamu chakakura chevanogadzira mbatatisi yaive tariro chete yekuvandudza mamiriro avo emari: vazhinji vari kuitawo kurima kwemakaroti, beets, kabichi, hanyanisi uye mitengo yezvakavharwa miriwo munyika gore rino inoramba iripo. rekodha zvakaderera.
VEGETABLES
Nekudaro, mamiriro ezvinhu pamusika weRussia zvakare ari kure kubva pane zvakanaka. Kukohwa kwakakwana kwemiriwo yakavhurika muindasitiri yemiriwo iri kukura muna 2019 inosvika zviuru zvishanu nemazana mana nenhatu. Ichi chi5% (468,3 zviuru zvematani) kupfuura muna 9,3. Kukura kwacho, senge kuri mubato reza mbatatisi, kwakawanikwa nekuwedzera goho.
Kune mamwe manhamba futi. Pakupera kwekota yekupedzisira ya2019, makarotsi akadonha mumutengo ne29,3%, kabichi - ne18,2%, hanyanisi - ne27,4%, beet - ne19,6%. Tichifunga nezve mutengo wemiriwo uye mbatatisi inosanganisirwa mudiki rekudya tswanda, Russia yakurudzira kudzikisa mutengo wekurarama we IV quarter ya2019 kusvika 10 609 rubles.
Gore rakanga rapfuura, mamiriro ezvinhu akange akasiyana zvachose.
Cabbage
Muna Kurume 2019, Rosstat akatumidza machena kabichi mutungamiri mukutengesa kwezvikafu pakati pezvigadzirwa. Mitengo yekabichi yakazowedzera ne41,5% pamwedzi, uye kana tichiverenga kubva kumagumo a2018 - ne68,3% kamwechete. MunaEpril, sekureva kwesangano reRusprodsoyuz, zvakatengeswa zvekabichi zvakatengeswa nemutengo unosvika 45-55 rubles pakirogiramu (muna Zvita 2018, mutengo wepakati hauna kudarika 22 rubles / kg). Hapana chimwe chezvimwe zvinhu zve "borsch set" chinogona kuwana mhedzisiro yakadaro.
Chikonzero chekuwedzera kwakasimba kwemitengo kwainzwisisika: muna 2017, pakanga paine kuwanda kwezvinhu zvigadzirwa pamusika, uye gore rakatevera, varimi vakadzikisa nzvimbo dzavairima, dzakakanganisa kuiswa kwemavhoriyamu ekuchengetedza.
Muna 2018, zviuru mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi matanhatu nemaviri emubichi zvakakohwewa muRussia muindasitiri yekudyara kwemiriwo, iri 872,6% (11,4 zviuru zvematani) pasati papera muna 112,8.
Muna 2019, kukohwewa kwechena kabichi munyika yese, maererano nenhamba, hakuna kudarika kubudirira kwe2018: angangoita zviuru mazana masere. Zvakangodaro, vagadziri vazhinji vezvekurima vanoona kuti goho rekabichi rakakura zvakanyanya mwaka uno, uye zvakawanda zvakakohwewa kupfuura zvakarongwa. Nechekare muna Gumiguru, kabichi rakava mutungamiri wepamusoro pamadonhwe emitengo. Muna Zvita, chena kabichi yaive ne800% yakachipa pane muna Zvita 20, kusvika Ndira 2018 yaive yakachipa zvakapetwa ka2020 pane panguva imwechete ya1,6. Pakutanga kwaFebruary, mitengo yakatanga kudzikira zvakare (kutengesa mumatunhu kwaive pakati pe2019 kusvika 6 rubles / kg), sezvo vagadziri vazhinji vakatanga kuburitsa nzvimbo dzekuchengetera, vachitya kuti mhando yechigadzirwa chaisazobvumidza icho kuva yakachengetedzwa kusvikira chitubu.
Karoti
Maererano neFederal State Statistics Service, nzvimbo dzakasimwa makaroti muindasitiri mu2018 dzaive pamakumi maviri nematatu zviuru makumi maviri nezvitatu (i.e., zvichienzaniswa neyakaitika gore rapfuura, ivo vakadzikira ne23,2% (ne7,4 zviuru mahekita). Kukohwa kwakakwana kwaisvika zviuru zvisere mazana masere ezviuru, izvo zviri 1,9% (zviuru makumi matatu nezvishanu zvematani) pasingasviki muna 810,2. Nenzira, kuderera kwekugadzirwa kwakanyorwa kwekutanga mushure memakore mashanu ekuenderera mberi kwekukura.
Panguva imwecheteyo, mitengo yekaroti haina kurova marekodhi, asi yakaramba iri pamwero wakakwira, kunyanya kana tichiverenga kubva kutanga kwa2019, apo vagadziri vazhinji vakapera mumatura echigadzirwa chemhando: pakasvika pakati paNdira, karoti akatengeswa kuma13 - 20 rubles / kg ( iyo iri 47% yepamusoro paavhareji kupfuura pakupera kwaJanuary 2018), pakazosvika Kurume mitengo yepakati yakawedzera neimwe 22%.
Vhoriyamu yakakura yezvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika (zvakanyanya kubva kuBelarus), iyo yaitengeswa nemitengo inenge yakafanana neyemudzimba, yaidzivirira kumwe kuonga.
Muna 2019, huwandu hwekukohwa kwakakura kwemakarotsi hwakawedzera - zvinoenderana nedhata rezvemutemo, neinenge 1%. Mitengo yadonha. Pakupera kwaNdira 2020, makarotsi akatengeswa paavhareji pa8-14 rubles / kg, mumazuva gumi ekutanga aFebruary - pa6-12 rubles / kg, zvinoenderana nemhando yebatch.
Beetroot
Mumusika webeet muna 2018, nyanzvi dzakacherekedza kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwezvirimwa - ne11% (kusvika pamakumi mana nemazana mana ematani ematani). Mhedzisiro iyi yakazivikanwa seyepamusoro-soro kubva kuma 427s ekutanga. Gore rapfuura, mazana matatu nemakumi mana nemazana ematani akaunganidzwa, uye muna 90 - 384 zviuru zvematani. Panguva imwecheteyo, mitengo yezvigadzirwa yakatsigira yakajairwa miriwo kumusoro.
Maererano neAB Center, mabheji akaomeswa ebhete pakupera kwaNdira 2019 akatengeswa, paavhareji, pamutengo wegumi nemakumi mashanu neshanu / kg (kunze kweVAT), i.e. 10,5% yakawanda kupfuura panguva imwe chete pagore. pakutanga. Pakazosvika Kubvumbi 19,3, mitengo yaive yave pamwero wegumi nemakumi mairi neshanu rubles / kg.
Muna 2019, huwandu hwekukohwa beetroot hwakawedzera ne2,5% (zvichienzaniswa ne 2018), uye nemitengo zvakadonha: muna Ndira 24, 2020, maererano nemutengo wekutarisa mutengo kubva ku Nyanzvi Yekuongorora Center for Agibusiness, mijenya yebrows yaive ichitengesa paavhareji kusvika ku8,8 rubles ./kg (kunze kweVAT), i.e. 16,5% yakachipa kupfuura panguva imwe cheteyo ye2019.
Anyanisi
Kukohwe hanyanisi muna 2018 kwakasvika mamirioni mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu, uye mhedzisiro iyi yaive 1,034% kuderera pane zvawanikwa muna 11. Kupesana neshure iyi, chigadzirwa chakatora nzvimbo yechipiri pakati pemagariro ekusarudza borscht muyero wemutengo: maererano neFederal State Statistics Service, kubva pakutanga kwa2017, hanyanisi dzakakwira mumutengo ne2019%.
Kubviswa kwemutengo kunogona kuteedzerwa zvakadzama: kusvika Kukadzi 15, 2019, zvinhu zvakatengeswa nemutengo we14,5-15 rubles / kg (muna Kukadzi 2018 - kubva ku9 rubles / kg), naFebruary 22 - mune mamiriro yekudzikira mumatura nematura - kubva 19-20 rubles / kg, naApril 19 - kubva 21-22 rubles / kg (muna Kubvumbi 2018 - kubva gumi rubles / kg), naApril 10 - kubva 26 rubles / kg ( pakutanga kwaMay 2526 - kubva pa2018 rubles / kg).
Hanyanisi yakatanga kudonha mumutengo chete kubva pakutanga kwaKurume, asi panguva ino ivo vakachengeta mukana wakanaka nemitengo yemwaka wapfuura: muna Chikunguru, mumatunhu epakati eRussia, hanyanisi dzakatengeswa nemutengo we18-25 rubles / kg, uye kutanga kwaNyamavhuvhu - pa15-22 rubles / kg.
Mune akawanda 2019, zvaive zvichikwanisika kuunganidza mamirioni mazana masere nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu (1,09% kupfuura iyo muna 5) hanyanisi. Mitengo yakanga isina marekodhi: mukupera kwaDecember 2018 uye pakutanga kwaNdira 2019, hanyanisi dzakawanda dzeanyezi dzakatengesa 2020-10 rubles / kg. Pakupera kwaJanuary, mutengo, maererano nevanoongorora kuEast-fruit.com chirongwa, wakakwira ne17%, uye panguva iyoyo chigadzirwa chakapihwa pamusika chakawedzera zvakanyanya, izvo zvakadzosera mitengo mutengo wadzo wepfuura.
PROSPECTS
Ichokwadi kutanga kwekuunganidza mwaka wa2019 / 20 munaKukadzi. Mberi ndiko kubviswa pamusika wehuwandu hukuru hwezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, zvingangoita - kuwedzera kudiwa kwezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro, kuvhurwa kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera vagadziri vakuru kuverenga pamitengo yakanaka, uyezve, kuyerera. yekutenga kunze.
Kunyangwe paine kufambira mberi kwakakosha mukuchengetedza mumakore achangopfuura, mavhoriyamu ekutenga echirimwa chimwe nechimwe anoramba akakosha. Saka, sekureva kweFederal Customs Service, mumwaka wa2018 / 2019. Russia yakatumira kunze kwenyika zviuru zana nemakumi matatu nematatu zvematani ekabichi, mazana emakumi masere neshanu ematani emakroti, anopfuura zviuru mazana maviri ematani eanyanisi. Vanonyanya kutengesa vatengesi ndeve Egypt, Azerbaijan, Israel, China. Kunyangwe pangangove pasina kuve nekuwedzera kwezvinhu kubva kuChina chitubu ichi.
Pachine mwedzi yakati wandei yakakosha, iyo vazhinji vane tariro dzakanyanya, pamwe vachiratidzwa. Rangarira, semuenzaniso, kuti mutengo we mbatatisi mumwaka wapfuura wakangokwira kusvika kumazuva ekutanga aMay (mijenya inotengeswa pamwero wegumi nematatu kusvika gumi nematatu rubles / kg) uye yakaramba iri pakakwirira zvakanyanya kusvika mbichana mbichana dzasvika kubva kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba kweRussia, zvichibvumira varimi vekurima kugara kuwedzera.
Asi magumo emwaka uno wekutengesa anogona kunge akasiyana. Zvakangofanana nekupedzwa kweinotevera, kusati kwatanga izvo kwasara nguva shoma.
Tinogona kufunga kuti, zvakanyanya, zvichapesana nemamiriro azvino mamiriro ezvinhu, gore rino nzvimbo iri pasi petsika yeborscht yakaiswa haizowedzerwi. Uye izvi zvinoreva kuti kana pakaitika njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga mumwaka kana panguva yekukohwa mumwaka wekutanga, kushomeka kwemiriwo nemapatata uye kuwedzera kwemitengo hakuna kukandwa, asi fungidziro iyi haina kunge yakanyatsojeka sekufanotaura kwemamiriro ekunze muzhizha rinouya.
Izvo hazvigoneke kufanofungidzira uko iyo mutengo swing inozununguka mune musingatenderwe musika. Iyo nyaya yekukwira kwemitengo pakati pekukohwa muUkraine ndiyo yakanyanya kusimbisa yeizvi. Iyo chete inishuwarenzi inopesana nekuchinja kwemitengo yebhizimusi rekurima ndiko kuiswa kwehurongwa hwayo hwekuronga, izvo zvinoreva kunzwisiswa kwakajeka kwekuti, muhuwandu hupi uye pamutengo weiko kukohwa kuchatengeswa. Izvi zvinogona kuzadzikiswa nekuumba nekuchengetedza denderedzwa revatengi venguva dzose kana nekukura zvigadzirwa kune yakatarwa kurongeka, pasi pechibvumirano nekugadzirisa zvirimwa kana zvitoro zvekutengesa. Nhasi mapurazi mazhinji ane mikana yeizvi.