Iyi nhaurwa isingaregererwi inokurukurwa mupepanhau, kunyange hazvo munhu wese anotarisana nedambudziko iri kana uchishandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka. Mutungamiriri "Nyamavhuvhu" Mukushambadzira nekutengesa, Mikhail Evgenievich DANILOV akatora basa redzidzo mumawoko ake uye akanyora zvakadzama ongororo yezvinhu zvinokanganisa kushanda kwezvipembenene. Muchikamu chino, tinotanga kukuzivisa iwe kwazviri.
Nehurombo, dzimwe nguva isu tinofanirwa kubata nezvichemo nezve kugona kwemishonga yedu. Uye rega mushandi weimwe kambani inoremekedzwa yemarudzi akawanda inogadzira mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye / kana agrochemicals ngaakande ibwe kwandiri, iro rine zita guru rinogona kumununura kubva kuzvikumbiro. Mhosva dzinowanzo sanyatsoenderana nehunhu hweicho chigadzirwa chakashandiswa.
Ehe, zvingave zvinonakidza isu kuti tisapinda mukukurukurwa kwenyaya ino tsvedza, asi kungovaka zvidziviriro mukududzira kwemishonga nemitsara yakanaka, setsika kune mamwe makambani ave nehunyanzvi pakurwisa mamirioni emadhora ematare evatengi (ndinofanira kutaura nokutendeseka - kazhinji zvisina tsigiro) ... Fungidzira chimwe chinhu chakadai zvichitevedzera muenzaniso weumwe wevakuru vekugadzira zvipembenene. Kutora kubva kune yake yepamutemo webhusaiti:
“Kurudziro iyi inoenderana neruzivo rwedu rwazvino uye inoenderana nemirau yakatenderwa nevekunyoresa. Hazvaregerere mushandisi kubva pakuongorora kwake uye achifunga nezve hombe zvinhu zvinotaridza mashandisirwo e <…> gadziriro yedu kana mutoro wezviitiko zvinogona kuitika zvekushandisa kwakadai kwemushonga.
Zvinhu zvakasiyana, nekuda kwenzvimbo uye enharaunda maitiro, zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwechirwere. Chekutanga pane zvese, aya mamiriro ekunze uye ivhu-mamiriro ekunze, akasiyana siyana, kutenderera kwezvirimwa, nguva yekugadzirisa, mwero wekushandisa, musanganiswa wetangi pamwe nezvimwe zvekugadzirira uye mafetiraiza (asina kutaurwa mune edu mazano), kuvapo kwezvinhu zvinopokana (utachiona, zvirimwa (masora), zvipembenene, nezvimwewo) zvimwe zvinongedzo), zvisina kukodzera uye / kana tekinoroji tekinoroji yekushandisa, nezvimwe. Panyaya yemamiriro ezvinhu asingafadzi, asingatariswe nevashandisi, hazvigone kutarisirwa kunze kuti kushanda kwekugadzirira kunogona kuchinja kana kutokuvadza zvirimwa, nekuda kwemhedzisiro yatisingakwanise kupiwa mhosva isu nevatengesi vedu.
Zvese zvakanyorwa, kazhinji, zvinotaurwa nenzira kwayo. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti ruzhinji rwezvakataurwa naNyamavhuvhu hazvinei nekutsauka muhunhu hwezvigadzirwa zvedu. Iyo kambani inodada neyemazuva ano uye yakashongedzwa neazvino makemikari sainzi mafekitori kune chikonzero. Isu takavhura iyo yechitatu chirimwa muzhizha re2019 uye tinofara kukoka vatinoshanda navo ipapo. Kuvhurwa kwechina (yatove yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinoshanda) kwakarongwa munaKurume 2020 mudunhu rine mukurumbira reHubei. Nezvikonzero zviri pachena, kuvhura zviri pamutemo kwaifanira kumbosendekwa.
Kuongorora Kwemamiriro Ezvinhu
Uye zvirevo zvebasa remakemikari nzira yekudzivirira zvakabatana chaizvo nenyaya yekuti mamiriro akasimbiswa mukotesheni iri pamusoro ndeyemhando yepamusoro "Kuongorora nekufungisisa kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinotarisisa mashandisirwo emushonga wedu", kubva ipapo "Usasunungure mushandisi", uyu mushandisi aive akaremara (senge chiperengo chaWinnie the Pooh, chinova "chinowanzo gwinya, asi chirema").
Dzimwe nguva hazvigoneke kuratidza chaizvo zvese zvinhu mune zvekushambadzira zvinhu. Muzvidzidzo uye mharidzo, zvakare hazvigoneke kusimudzira maaccents. Mushure mezvose, nyanzvi, sekutaura kwaKozma Prutkov, "yakafanana negumboil: kukwana kwayo kune rumwe rutivi." Ziso renyanzvi "rakasviba", kutarisisa hakuwanzo tarisa pazvinhu zvinoita sezviri pachena uye zvinonzwisisika kwaari. Uye kune munhuwo zvake, idzi "dziri pachena" nguva dzinogona kuita sedzakakwana terra incognita.
Semuenzaniso, isu takanyora kuti mushonga unofanirwa kushandiswa mukati mekupisa huwandu hwe15 - 25 ° C. Takazvisunungura pachedu kubva pabasa kana chigadzirwa chedu chikashandiswa mumakumi matatu-degree kupisa. Chokwadi, hazvina kunaka kuita marapirwo munguva inopisa kana inotonhora. Asi dzimwe nguva hazvina kunaka, asi zvinodikanwa. Uye inofanirwa kutsanangurirwa mutengi mune zviitiko zvipi zvese zvakashata uye zvisina basa, uye mune zvipi zviitiko zvakashata, asi kana zvichinyanya kudikanwa, saka zvichiri kugona.
15 ZVINHU
Ngatitorei isu, tichizvibvisa pane izvo zvataurwa mumaflaya uye zvinyorwa zvekunyoresa, tiende kuburikidza nezvinhu zvekunze zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwechigadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro. Isu tinoteedzera nzira yemushonga wedu kubva kufekitori kuenda kuchinangwa chinhu. Uye isu tichaedza kunzwisisa kuti zvii zvinhu zvinogona "kumutsausa".
Izvi zvinhu zvinosanganisira:
- Mamiriro ekufambisa uye ekuchengetedza.
- Hunhu hwemvura inoshandiswa kugadzirira inoshanda solution (pH, turbidity, kuumbwa kwakanyungudika munyu, tembiricha).
- Mamiriro ekunze zvese panguva yekunyorera uye pamberi uye mushure mekushandisa (tembiricha yemhepo uye mwando, mhepo, kupisa kutonhora, kunaya pamberi uye mushure mekumwaya).
- Zvipfapfaidzo zvinoshandiswa, mhando dzekupfira mabhureki uye masprayer anoshanda modhi (mwero wekupfapfaidza, saizi yemadonhwe, huwandu hwemadonhwe pachikamu cheyuniti yemuti wakarapwa nemhedzisiro yeiyi paramende pane systemic / bata mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka).
- Hunhu hwevhu (kuvapo kana kusavapo kwemashara emiti uye mapundu pairi, chimiro chevhu uye hunyoro, zvimiro zvevhu zvinotora zvakaoma).
- Nzira dzeAgrotechnical dzekucheka uye zvirimwa zvinoshandiswa munguva yekukura.
- Masora ekuvandudza chikamu uye mamiriro avo.
- Chikamu chekusimudzira kwetsika, mamiriro ayo nemhando dzakasiyana.
- Chikamu chekuvandudza chirwere.
- Pest yekuvandudza nhanho.
- Kuvapo kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehuswa, tupukanana nezvirwere, kumisikidzwa kwemishonga yezvipembenene ine nzira dzakasiyana dzekuita kudzikisa njodzi yekubuda kwemarudzi asingagone.
- Yakashandiswa tangi misanganiswa yemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka, agrochemicals (physicochemical uye biological kuenderana).
- Kukanganisa kwemushonga wezvipembenene, zvinorambidzwa pakutenderera kwezvirimwa.
- Tichifunga nezve izvo zvakasarudzika zvekunyoreswa kwezvinhu zvinoshanda (zvichazonzi d. C.) Munyika dzakasiyana nemitemo yematanho epamusoro anotenderwa ezvakasara zvemukati d. C. mune zvigadzirwa.
- Uye chimwe chinhu, icho ini chandakakanganwa kutaura - uye nekudaro nyora, isu tichaongorora mune zvinotevera zvigadzirwa.
Kuumba nekupakata
Asi isu hatisi kuzotanga nezvinhu zvekunze, asi nezve zvemukati - nekuumbwa uye kurongedza. Kuti unzwisise hunhu hwekuumbwa, unofanirwa kushanyira chero mafekitori e "Nyamavhuvhu", pano nyaya hadzina maturo, zvakakodzera kuti uone kamwechete. Uye zvakare, inofanirwa kutarisirwa mupfungwa kuti panguva yekugadzirwa kweyega batch, arbitration uye mumiriri sampuli zvinosarudzwa, izvo zvinochengeterwa kumuti uye izvo zvinogara zvichikwanisika kutarisa kutevedzwa kwechirwere nemamiriro ehunyanzvi.
Kana zviri zvekurongedza, mukambani yaNyamavhuvhu kumafekitori ese kubvira kutanga kwa2020, kunyorerwa kweumwe neumwe wekuchengetera (kabhodhoro, bhodhoro, pasuru) kwakaunzwa nekodhi rekodhi rezuva Izvi zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi. Mukugadzirira vagari vemo yezhizha (LPH), isu tinoshandisa rakasiyana kunyora. Uye ikozvino, uchishandisa yaAugust Checker nharembozha, unogona kutarisa kuve kwechokwadi kwezvigadzirwa zvedu. Iwo mapurogiramu "Nyamavhuvhu AgroMarker" uye "Nyamavhuvhu AgroStorage" inobvumidza kuteedzera nyaya yezvigadzirwa uye kudzoka kwemagaba asina chinhu atove kumatura evatengi vedu.
Iko kune zvakafanana kana zvakafanana mamaki pane zvigadzirwa zvehuwandu hwevamwe vagadziri. Nyamavhuvhu akatora danho rekugadzira rakabatana rekunyorera uye software standard yeiyo mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka uye indasitiri yekuparadzira. Tinovimba kuti zvichave zvakadaro.
Saka isu tichafungidzira kuti pamwe neketani yese yekufamba kwezvigadzirwa zvedu isu tiri kutaura nezve mhando yepamusoro uye yepakutanga chigadzirwa, uye kwete zvekunyepedzera.
Mamiriro ezvinhu EZOKUFAMBA NOKUCHENGETEDZA
Matambudziko anogona kusimuka atove munzira kubva kuna Nyamavhuvhu imba yekuchengetera mutengi uye panguva yekuchengetera ipapo. Ivo zvakabatana, kutanga kwezvose, pamwe tembiricha. Mishonga yose yezvipembenene ine tembiricha yekuchengetedza. Dzimwe (semuenzaniso, Tornadoes) dzinotonhora zvakakwana munzvimbo dzakakura dzenyika yedu, uye zvobva zvadzikisira pasina kurasikirwa nekushanda kwazvo. Naizvozvo, dzinogona kutakurwa nekuchengetwa mukati mehurefu hwakawanda hwekupisa. Uye kune mishonga isingatarisike nekutarisa uku: inofanirwa kuchengetwa chete mukutonhora kwechando.
Ive neshuwa yekuteerera kune izvi. Vagadziri vese vanoziva maficha akadaro uye vanopa kurudziro pamamiriro ekuchengetedza tembiricha. Uye zvakare, urwu ruzivo runogara rwunoratidzwa pane zvakanyorwa. Kana iwo mamiriro emwaka ari akadai kuti iwe uine chero zvisaririra zvezvinhu zvinodziya zvekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa, ita shuwa kuti uvaendese kune inodziya imba yekuchengetera yechando. Kana, nekuda kwekutarisa kana mamwe mamiriro, mushonga wacho wakachengetwa mumamiriro asina kukodzera, utarise usati washandisa nerubatsiro rwemugadziri mumwe chete. Anokwanisa kwete chete kuongorora zvirimo a.v., asi zvakare anogona kuona mhando yekuumbwa nezvimwe zviratidzo zvinokanganisa kushanda kwemushonga wezvipembenene.
CHINHU CHEMVURA
Ngatiyeukei mutsara unoshamisa kubva kurwiyo kuenda kumavhesi aLeonid Derbenev - "harisi doro rinouraya vanhu, mvura inouraya vanhu". Ehezve, kugadzira mhinduro yekushandisa yakanangana nedoro hazvigone kuitika kune chero munhu, asi kuigadzira zvichibva pamvura usina kuongorora hunhu hwayo inopfuura mamiriro akajairika.
Uye kana tikati chinhu chimwe chete chinodiwa kuti chiongorore kushanda kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipuka zvinoenderana nenzira yekuyedza mumunda, tinowanzo kanganwa kuti mhando yemvura zvakare chimwe chinhu chinogona dzimwe nguva kuzove chinogumira imwe mhinduro yekushanda.
Chii chinonzi mvura?
Isu tinowanzo bvunzwa mibvunzo nezve kugadzirira kwetangi musanganiswa Vanobvunza kuti ndeapi madhiragi anosanganiswa zvinoenderana nebiology, physicochemical parameter, nezvimwe. Asi panguva imwechete vanokanganwa kuti mvura pachayo chii. Zvinotaridza sekuti mubvunzo uri nyore: pane tembiricha kubva pa0 kusvika 100 ° C, imvura inoonekera, molekemu yega yega ine maatomu maviri ehydrogen uye imwe oxygen, kureva H2A. Asi mvura yatinoshandisa muhupenyu, kungave kunwa kwakachena kana tekinoroji, kubva pakuona kwemakemikari epanyama, haisisiri mvura. Pakupedzisira, iyi inogadzirirwa tangi mhinduro yemunyu dzakasiyana uye magasi, uye pakaipisisa, mhinduro ine chimiro chekusiyaniswa kwakasiyana uye emulsions. Nekuti kunyangwe mumvura yekunwa, zvinoenderana nematanho eSanPiN inoenderana, iyo yakazara mineralization inogona kusvika kusvika 1 g / l. Izvi zvinoreva kuti marita zana emvura yakadai anokwanisa kusvika pa100 g yemunyu wakasiyana. Chii chatinogona kutaura pamusoro pemvura isinga-nwe!
Saka kune ino "tangi solution", marita zana ayo anowanikwa kubva pamakumi emakumi kusvika pamazana emazana magiramu emarudzi akasiyana siyana asingaverengeki emakomputa, isu dzimwe nguva tinowedzera magiramu ezvekushandisa zvine chekuita nemushonga wedu wekuuraya zvipuka, zvine rudo zvakarongedzwa mumamiriro ehutsanana hwekurapa. Uyezve isu hatigone kunzwisisa: nderupi rudzi rwechirwere ichi - chinoshanda, hachishande. Zvinotaridza kuti kune bato rimwe chete, uye havana kuiba munzira, ndokuichengeta nemazvo, asi pane ino ndima mhedzisiro yayo zero, asi kune imwe, makiromita gumi nemaviri kure, zvese zvakanaka. Kunyangwe ichishandiswa panguva imwe chete pazvirimwa zvakafanana nemasora, pasi pemamiriro ekunze akafanana, mapfapfaidza, mapfapfaidza nema modhi. Uye zvakavanzika zviri nyore - “haisi doro rinouraya vanhu, mvura inouraya vanhu» (kunyangwe doro zvakare riri matongo, hongu, asi izvo zvinopfuura chiyero chechinyorwa chino). Mushonga uyu hauna kushanda nekuti izvo zvemukati zvakasviba zvemvura yedu chaiyo zvakakonzeresa kushanda kwawo.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvemvura zvaunofanira kuteerera?
Munyu wakanyungudutswa
Izvi zvinonyanya pamusoro pekuoma munyu - calcium uye magnesium.
Iyo makemikari anoumba anowanzoita kana kushoma anogara kune artesian mvura, saka kana iwe wakazvisarudzira mune yakasarudzika murabhoritari, iwe unogona kutarisa kune iyi ongororo kwemakore mazhinji. Uye zvichibva pairi, ita sarudzo: yekugadzirisa iyo mvura kana kwete.
Kana iwe ukashandisa mvura kubva kumusoro kwenzvimbo kana matsime asina kudzika, ongororo yakaitwa kunyangwe mashoma mazuva apfuura inogona kungove yeyakaitika kukosha. Uye usave nechokuita nekugadzirwa kwezvino kwemvura yako nhasi.
Kuti ukurumidze kuona kuomarara kwemvura, unogona kushandisa yakadaro isina kunongedza seyayo magetsi conduction, ayo, zvakare, anogona kuyerwa nyore kushandisa conductor. St.оicho chigadzirwa ichi mune inotakurika vhezheni 50 - 100 madhora pachidimbu, zvinoenderana nesimba uye "kutonhora» mhando. Wese wega anozviremekedza agronomist kana chipangamazano anofanira kunge aine chishandiso chakadai. Iko kune anodhura conductor, asi anowanzo kupunzika nekukurumidza. Kana kufambisa kwemvura yako kusingapfuure mazana mashanu emamamirioni / masendimita, inogona kutariswa semamiriro akakodzera ekumwaya maererano neukukutu.
Kana kukosha uku kwakakwira (kana iwe uchida kuitamba yakachengeteka uye neimwe nzira ichiwedzera kushanda kwezvigadzirwa), saka kugadzirira mhinduro dzemushonga wezvipembenene ne. pahwaro hwemvura-inogadziriswa munyu wemakemikari acids kana iwo akadai maacidi, mvura inofanirwa kugadziriswa. Heino runyorwa rweDV uye mamwe mazita ekutengesa zvinodhaka "Augusta» (izvi zvinoshandawo kune zvigadzirwa zvevanokwikwidza nazvo).
- 2,4-D (Biolan Super)
- Aminopyralide
- Acifluorfen
- Bentazon (Corsair, Corsair Super)
- Glyphosate (Tornado, Tornado 500, Tornado 540)
- Glufosinate
- Dicamba (Deimos, Biolan Super, Dublon Super)
- Imazamox, imazapir, imazethapir (Paradox, Corsair Super, Grader, Fabian)
- Quinclorac
- Queenmerak (Tranche Super)
- Clehodim (Graminion, Kurumidza)
- Clopyralid (Galion, Hacker)
- MCPA (Herbitox, Herbitox-L, Gorgon)
- Pikloram (Galion, Gorgon, Ballerina Forte)
- Sethoxydim
- Tepraloxidim
- Tralkoxydim
Kugadzirisa mvura, akasiyana maekisheni anoshandiswa akavakirwa pane phosphoric, oxalic, citric acids - iwo ari emvura, ari nyore uye anosanganisira madhiini echiratidzo uye ekumisikidza vamiririri mukuumbwa kwavo. Pa "Nyamavhuvhu» kune zvakare kwakadaro mhepo inodzora - iyi Soylent. Ammonium sulfate inogona zvakare kushandiswa, asi zvakanyanya kunetsa kushanda nayo, kunyanya kana pasina dhaka unit.
Inofanira kutarisirwa mupfungwa kuti Soylent yakanyatsopesana neiyo fungicide Kumir (tribasic mhangura sulfate, 345 g / l). Izvi ndezvechokwadi kune mazhinji emhangura munyu fungicide conditioners.
Ziva kuti pamusoro pekunyungudika munyu wekuoma mumvura, sodium salts inogona kuve iripo muhukuru hwakakosha. Mukuita kwedu, kwaive neartesian mvura ine zvakadaro zvemukati zvemakloride, sulfates uye sodium bicarbonates zvekuti zvaive nyore kuzvipa kune zvicherwa mvura. Uye kunyangwe zvirimo zvecalcium uye magnesium mavari zvaive zvisina kukosha, mvura yemunyu inogona kuve nemagetsi kutenderera kwemamirioni zviuru zvemamirioni / cm. Uye naye, marudzi ese ematambudziko anogona kusimuka. Sezvo zvine munyu (uye kunyange zvisina kana kuomarara) mvura inowanzo kupesana mune ekugadzirira mafomu muchimiro chemaketuru emulsion uye kusimudzira. Uye mabhegi anonyungudika nemvura (akati wandei emishonga ane kurongedza kwakadaro) anova akaoma zvakanyanya kuparara mumvura yakadaro. Naizvozvo, chenjera nemvura yemunyu, nekuti, kunyangwe isina kusunga iyo dv, inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kugadzikana uye kushanda kwema emulsions uye kumiswa.
Acidity
Acidity, kana pH, inogona kuyerwa nekukurumidza pamwe nepepa rekuratidzira (rakanyatsoita mushe) kana neiyo inotakurika pH mita, iyo, kusiyana necustomometer inotakurika, inoda kuchengetedzwa zvakanyanya. Kushandisa chishandiso ichi mumamiriro emunda hakusi nyore.
Kune akawanda mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka, maererano neese kugadzikana kwavo mukugadzirisa mhinduro uye nekushanda kwavo, izano rakanaka kuva nemushonga unoshanda une asidi. Izvi zvinofanirwa, kune rumwe rutivi, kusagadzikana kweruzhinji rwev.v. kune alkaline hydrolysis, uye kune rimwe divi, nenyaya yekuti acidic media inogona kusimudzira kupinza kuri nani kwaD. kuburikidza nekacheka yezvirimwa. Inodzikamisa uye yakafanana nemidziyo panguva imwe chete inosunga kuomesa munyu uye kusimbisa mhinduro yekushanda, saka inogona kushandiswa panguva imwe chete kupfava uye kuita acidize mvura. Uyezve, mvura yechisikigo, pamwe neasingawanzo kunze (bog mvura, semuenzaniso), ine alkaline reaction (kunyanya nekuda kwesodiyamu, calcium uye magnesium bicarbonates yakanyungudutswa mairi). Uye iwe haudi pH mita inoda kuomarara kugadzirisa.
Pamwechete, kana magetsi emagetsi emvura ari pasi (zvakafanana 500 μS / cm), uye iyo pH haina kufamba zvakanyanya kubva pane kukosha kwazvakarerekera (kusanyanya kukwira kupfuura 7), saka kune akawanda madhiragi acidification yemvura hachisi chinhu chinodiwa nekukurumidza, kunyange hazvo chiri chokwadi. ichapindira. Kunze kwekuno ndeye fungicides yakavakirwa pamhangura munyu uye, kune imwe nhanho, gadziriro yakavakirwa pane sulfonylureas, iyo inokanganisa acidic pane alkaline hydrolysis, uye nekudaro haina kudzikama mune acidic mhinduro pane mune alkaline iwo.
Asi, zvakadaro, kune akati wandei ezana ramakore, iro iro acidification remhinduro yekushanda kune pH ye5 - 6 inonyanya kudiwa. Dzimwe nguva, nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze, zvakakosha kusiya mhinduro inoshanda mu sprayer kana mune solution unit. Vamwe vagadziri (inishuwarenzi pamusoro pezvinogona kutaurwa) nyora mune zvinokurudzirwa kuti kushandiswa kwesarudzo yekushanda kunofanira kuitika nekukurumidza mushure mekugadzirwa kwayo. Asi, sekutaura kwaGoethe: “dzidziso yacho yaoma, shamwari yangu, uye muti wehupenyu wakasvibira zvakanaka»... Naizvozvo, kwete kune theorists, asi kune vanoita, tichifunga nezvekudada kwehupenyu chaihwo, isu tinopa rondedzero yeVV iyo mvura ine alkaline reaction (pH> 7) isingadiwe zvakanyanya. Kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu akatsanangurwa pamusoro apa, kana matambudziko akamuka nekushandisa iko pakarepo kwekugadzirisa mhinduro mushure mekugadzirira. Uye musanganiswa wetangi nemaalkaline vamiririri (semuenzaniso, sodiyamu kana potassium humates, iyo pH inogona kusvika 9-10) yezvinhu izvi. zvinopesana zvakare.
Heino runyorwa rwev.v. yakashandiswa mukugadzirira "Nyamavhuvhu»zvichitungamirwa kune alkaline hydrolysis, iyo inoshanda mhinduro yakavakirwa pamvura ine alkaline pH inoda acidification (shandisa iyo imwechete Soylent):
acidification inodiwa: desmedipham (Biceps 22, Biceps Garant), phenmedipham (Biceps 22, Biceps Garant), pamwe neFOPs - fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (Eraser 100, Eraser Top, Eraser-Zvimwe), clodinafop-propargyl (Eraser Pamusoro), galoxifopop P-methyl (Quickstep), quizalofop-P-ethyl (Miura) uye malathion (Aliot);
acidification inodikanwa: dimethoate (Sirocco); pyrethroids - alpha-cypermethrin (Borey Neo), lambda-cyhalothrin (Break, Borey), cypermethrin (Sharpei), esfenvalerate (Senpai), uye chlorpyrifos (Taira) uye cymoxanil (Ordan).
Izvo zvinofanirwa kutarisirwa mupfungwa kuti fomu rekugadzirira rakapamhamha kupfuura iyo dv, uye nekudaro kune mamwe madhiragi panogona kunge paine mamwe mazano akakosha.
Mubvunzo unowanzo kumuka: chii chekuita nematangi musanganiswa we beta-boka zvinodhaka uye triflusulfuron-methyl? Mune ino kesi, isu tinosarudza divi reDW iro rinonyanya kusangana nekuora. Sulfonylureas inobvumidza iyo acid reaction kuita zviri nyore kupfuura desmedipham uye phenmedipham - alkaline hydrolysis. Isu tinosimbisa - uye hatitambura nekusahadzika.
Turbidity
Mvura inogona kusviba nekuda kweakasiyana-siyana akanaka maseru, organic uye inorganic. Zvisikwa zvevhu uye zvevhu zvine zvakashata zvakanyanya pazvinhu zvakasikwa zvine kukosha kwakanyanya kweiyo organic kabhoni / yemvura partition coefficient (Chirungu chidimbu KOC). Iyo yakakura iyi coefficient, iyo yakawanda iyo chinhu inoenderana nekutora. Mumvura ine madhaka chinhu chakadai. kubva kushingairira kungoita.
Kana kukosha kweCBS kuyerwa mumakumi ezviuru (glyphosate) kana mamirioni (diquat) mayuniti, mucherechedzo wekufunga zvakanyanya nezve turbidity yemvura yako. Chokwadi, kuyera nezviridzwa uye kuona chimiro chayo ibasa repfungwa dzinoda kuziva, dzinoda kuridzwa kwakaomarara. Naizvozvo, maAmerican munguva yavo vakagadzira nzira yaivabhadharira masendi makumi maviri neshanu chete, ayo nhasi pamutengo wekuchinjana ingori ma25 rubles. Ini ndakavandudza hunyanzvi uhu, uye munzvimbo dzakavhurika dzeRussia zvinokubhadharira kakapetwa kagumi - maRubles maviri chete. Tora maviri-ruble mari, uikandire mumugomo wakazara wemvura (20-10 litita), uye kana iwe ukaiona pazasi, ipapo mvura yakadaro inoonekwa seyakakodzera mamiriro maererano ne turbidity. Uye kana iwe ukasatomboona mashanu-ruble mari (kunyange izvi zvichiitika zvisingawanzoitika), mari yako yakachema. Tsvaga imwe sosi yemvura kugadzirira inoshanda mhinduro.
Diquat uye glyphosate zvinonyanya kunetseka kune turbid mvura, oxyfluorfen uye pendimethalin havazvifarirewo. Zvakanaka, nezveimwe DV, ndinokurudzira kutarisa nzvimbo iyi the rupest they.ru uye wotarisa mutafura "Maitiro mune zvakatipoteredza» iyo yakatarwa CBS kukosha kwechinhu iwe chaunofarira. Kana zvichipesana nemutengo zvakanyorwa kuti "hazvifambe», zvinoreva kuti mvura yegore inotsikaniswa zvakanyanya kugadzirira kwako.
Температура
Kazhinji kazhinji, matambudziko anomuka nemvura inotonhorera - kwete ese mafomati anoashivirira. Izvi zvinotungamira kumatambudziko mukugadzirira anoshanda ekugadzirisa mumatope mayunitsi (kunyanya uko urea kana saltpeter inowedzerwa kumvura iyi, mushure meizvozvo tembiricha inodonha pazasi pe zero), mumashpira uye michina yekucheka. Izvi zvinoshanda kwete kwete chete kune arithmetic, asiwo kune zvimwe zvikamu zvekuumbwa. Teerera izvi! Tora chaiwo madhiragi uye gadzira bvunzo mhinduro nemvura kubva mufiriji.
Zvichaenderera mberi
Mufananidzo naO. Seyfutdinova, Shutterstock, kubva kumatura ekambani yeAmazon
Material bepanhau "Munda waAugusta" Nha. 5, 2020