Agrochemical giants ari kuwedzera kufarira kuvandudza uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu kuchengetedza zvipuka zvakakosha, asi chirimwa chipi chichava chekutanga kukwikwidza mbishi mbishi?
Makemikari mishonga inouraya yakave ichizivikanwa sechikamu chakakosha cheindasitiri yezvikafu zvepasi rose kwemakumi emakore.
Kubva pakaunzwa kweMonsanto muma1970, glyphosate-ine zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza zvirimwa zvakabatsira kuwedzera uye kuchengetedza chikafu chepasirese.
Ichi chemakemikari chave chakakosha kwazvo kune agro-indasitiri zvekuti kubviswa kwayo pakarepo kubva kuhurongwa hwazvino hwekurima kunogona kutakura njodzi yenzara. Zvakangodaro, kuchema kwevanhu kusinga tsanangurike nekushandiswa kweglyphosate, yakawedzerwa neeco-activists (vanopomera glyphosate mukana wekenza muvanhu), chishandiso chine simba kumanikidza vatongi kuti vawane dzimwe nzira dzakachengeteka nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, zvichiteverwa nekurambidzwa pane glyphosate.
Vaongorori vanotenda kuti kukura kwakadaro kwezviitiko - kubviswa kweglyphosate kubva kumisika - kuri kwechokwadi.
France neGerman vanoronga kurambidza kushandiswa kweglyphosate na2021 na2023, nedzimwe nyika dzingangotevedzera munguva pfupi inotevera. Tichifunga nezve chokwadi chekuti dzimwe nzira zhinji dziri mukusimudzira uye dzinoramba dziri muchikamu chekuyedza, kurambidzwa kwakakura pamushonga unoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rese kunodzoka kunetsa, nyanzvi dzinoyambira.
Pachine tarisiro kumakambani makuru kwazvo agrochemical, ane vashandi vesainzi nemari, kuti vakurumidze kupa varimi zvinhu zvechokwadi zvakachengeteka zvezvirimwa zvekuchengetedza zvirimwa zvine hunyanzvi hwakajeka. Iko kune zvirokwazvo mabhenefiti kune biopesticide vagadziri
Musika wazvino wezvipuka zvinofungidzirwa kuva $ 3,6 bhiriyoni uye unotarisirwa kukura kusvika pamadhora gumi nemazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemazana makumi maviri neshanu. Panguva imwecheteyo, sekureva kwenyanzvi, kukwikwidza kwezvigadzirwa zvehupenyu neagrochemistry zvinogoneka chero ivo vaine mhedzisiro yakafanana neyechinyakare zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira. Kana mune zvigadzirwa zvidiki-zvidiki pane zvidiki zvidiki zvekurima, varimi vakagadzirira kuisa chikamu chegoho panjodzi muzita repfungwa yekuwana eco-zvirimwa, saka pachiyero chemakuru magoho anobata, agronomists haigone kubvuma kutora basa rekurasika kwezvirimwa nekuda kwezvirwere kana zvipembenene.
Agrochemical kambani Syngenta nguva pfupi yadarika yakazivisa kuti iri kushingairira kuongorora zvipuka zvisikwa kuti izadze iri musika rinodikanwa gwanza. Nekudaro, iyo kambani haina kuzivisa iyo chaiyo zuva rekuburitsa.
Bayer yakatanga yayo yekutanga biofungicide, Serenade, muChina. Kutenda kukwirisa kwayo padhuze nemidzi, chigadzirwa ichi chinokwanisa kugadzira chinodzivirira chakatenderedza mudzi wemuti. Nekubatsira zvirimwa kunwa zvinovaka muviri zvinobudirira kubva muvhu, zvakare inobvumidza iyo midzi sisitimu kuti ikure zvine simba uye inowedzera hutachiona hwezvirimwa, izvo zvinoderedza njodzi yezvirwere. Serenade ine QST713, biocontrol microorganism, inova gram-yakanaka tsvimbo-yakaita mabhakitiriya akapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekugara. Iyo microorganism inozvirumbidza yakasimba kudzvinyirira kushushikana, yakapararira pamusoro pevhu nevhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo endophyte dzakasiyana haina chepfu uye haina kukuvadza kuvanhu, zvipfuyo uye nharaunda.
Zvigadzirwa zvinotorwa kubva mumbeu yemasitadhi zvinowanzo fungidzirwa seyakavimbisa mbishi yekugadzira biopesticides. Masayendisiti anocherekedza kuti iyi ndiyo mishonga inodzidziswa kwazvo ine mhedzisiro yakanaka yekushandisa mumiriwo, zvirimwa zvemichero uye zvirimwa zvefodya. Nekudaro, zvinogoneka kuti michina yemasitadhi yekudzivirira michero ichave yekutanga kukwikwidza zvechokwadi ne biopesticides. (Kubva pane chinyorwa naColin Bletsky, Chief Operating Officer, MustGrow Biologics Corp, Canada).