Chinyorwa: Maria Rozhkova
Kugadzirwa kweCelery muRussia kuri kuwedzera
Kusvikira nguva pfupi yadarika, yakadzvanywa uye midzi yeselery muRussia yaingokurirwa chete nevagari vemuzhizha. Pakanga pasina chikonzero chekuronga kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri - zvaizonetsa kune varimi vadiki kuti vatsungirire kukwikwidzana nevagadziri vekunze. Asi, sekutaura kwavo, kwaisazove nemufaro, asi nhamo yakabatsira: iyo pro-embargo, yakaunzwa mukupindura zvirango zvinopesana neRussia, yakagura kuwanikwa kwecryry kubva munyika zhinji. Kutenda neizvi, vagadziri vekurima veRussia vakatarisisa tsika iyi nyowani kwavari.
Ehezve, Russia ichiri kure nemazana enzvimbo dzetsika-dzinogadzira celery. Sekureva kwaAndrey Ivashkin, nyanzvi mumidzi uye petiole celery uye maeeks ekambani "Raik Zwaan Rus", panguva ino muRussia pasi pemudzi uye petiole celery
haigare anopfuura mahekita mazana matatu, nepo kuEurope chete petiole inokurirwa pamahekita zviuru gumi nezvina: 300 zviuru mahekita muItaly, 16 zviuru mahekita muFrance, 4,6 zviuru mahekita kuSpain (zvekutengesera kuGreat Britain) uye angangoita 3,1 zviuru mahekita kuGerman. . Petiole celery inozivikanwawo muUnited States, China, Japan, Israel, uye nyika dzeScandinavia.
Kudyara nzvimbo yepetiole uye midzi celery:
Russia mazana matatu ha
Italy 4,6 zviuru mahekita
France 3,1 zviuru mahekita
Spain 2,1 zviuru zviuru ha
Germany 1,4 zviuru zviuru
Vladimir Matusevich, mukuru wepurazi reMaentak Matusevichy (Republic of Belarus, Minsk dunhu), aive mumwe wekutanga kurima celery mudunhu reyaimbova Soviet Union. Akavamba bhizinesi rake remhuri mu1988. "Takatanga kurima zvese zvisingawanzoitika uye zvishoma zvakapararira mudunhu reyaimbove zvirimwa zveUSSR zvaizivikanwa kwenguva refu muWest - celery (mudzi nepetiole), mariki, marudzi ese ekabichi (Savoy, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kohlrabi) - zvese kushamisika vatengi, anoyeuka Vladimir Matusevich. "Ipapo vanhu vaida chaizvo kuyedza rusununguko uye kumwe kusanganisa." Pakutanga, kudiwa kwezvakasarudzika zvigadzirwa kwaive kushingaira, uye zvobva zvadzikira zvishoma - vanhu vakaguta nezvido zvekuda kuziva ndokudzoka kune yavo yechinyakare kabichi, anodaro mukuru wepurazi.
"Maentak" Matusevichy "inongova 20-30 mahekita epasi. Pakati peizvi, hapana anopfuura 1,5-2 mahekita aigara pasi peselery mumakore akasiyana. "Kare, takasimudza midzi yeselery, asi mumakore achangopfuura matambudziko akatanga kumuka nekumisikidza kwayo, saka, kana tikadyara celery, inowanzove yakasviba," anodaro Vladimir Matusevich. Murimi akataura kuti anoziva mumwe chete mugadziri weselery mudunhu reRepublic yeBelarus. "Asi mumakore achangopfuura ndakanzwa nezvezvirongwa zvikuru kwazvo muRussia," akadaro.
Kukurudzira kwemaindasitiri kurima celery muRussia, hongu, yaive masanctions, Andrei Ivashkin anogutsikana. “Tsika iyi yagara ichizivikanwa pakati pevagari nekuda kwekubatsira kwayo. Uye kana yapfuura celery yainyanya kuunzwa kunze kwenyika, ikozvino varimi vakawanda uye varimi vanozvigadzira muminda yavo, - anodaro. "Masanctions asati aitika, chirimwa ichi chaingorimwa nevagari vemuzhizha chete, pakanga pasina kugoverwa kwemaindasitiri." Mazhinji eacreage anotorwa neyakaomeswa celery muKrasnodar Territory neCrimea, uye mudzi
inowanzo kukura muCentral Russia. Petiolate inonyanya kurimwa kunze, asi zvakare zvinokwanisika kukura mune greenhouses mu hydroponics.
Kugadzirwa kweCelery kuri kuwana mukurumbira gore rega. "Kufarira kuri kukura mutsika dzakadai senge celery kwakabatana neyakajairika, kunyanya mumaguta makuru eRussia, ehupenyu hune hutano (HLS), iyo inopa kuisirwa zvirimwa zvemiriwo zvine mwero wakaderera-koriori. mukudya, ”anodaro Sergey Kutko (Republic of Crimea; kurima muriwo). "Kambani yedu ndiyo inogadzira mishonga yemakwenzi yakati wandei, saka nyaya yehutano hwevanhu haisi itsva kwatiri."
Musoro wepurazi Vladimir Parkhomenko anotsanangura kusarudzwa kweselery yakavezwa seimwe yezvirimwa zvikuru zvekambani yeAgroleto (Krasnodar Territory) nekuramba kuchikura kudiwa kubva kuzvitoro zvechitoro, pamwe nezvikumbiro zvenguva dzose kubva kune vatengesi vatinodyidzana kuti vakure chigadzirwa ichi. Agroleto ndiyo inonyanya kugadzirwa neselery inogadzira muRussia. "Tiri kuita zvekurima uye kugadzirisazve zvirimwa zvakati wandei - radishi, mariki uye celery yakateyiwa," anodaro Vladimir Parkhomenko. "Izvi zvirimwa zviri pakati nepakati, kana zvese zvikaitwa nemazvo: kubva pasarudzo yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana kana chemasanganiswa chinoenderana nemamiriro edu chaiwo ekukura, kusuka uye kupaka chigadzirwa, kugadzirira kuiswa pasherufu yakatonhora."
Gore rega rega varimi vanowedzera varimi vanoedza kurima celery muminda yavo. Nekudaro, mu "Varimi Agrosoyuz" Yezveamai "(Dunhu reMoscow; masaradhi ari kukura pamahekita makumi matanhatu, kabichi, celery, maekisi uye zvimwe zvirimwa musango rakavhurika) gore rino ivo vakura uye vakakohwa goho rekutanga re celery. Iyo yakazara nzvimbo iri pasi pemudzi uye petiole celery yaive 60 mahekita. "Isu tinoedza kushanda pamwe neiyo assortment sezvinobvira: vatengi vanoda zvirimwa zvitsva, isu tiri kuyedza kuzvirima, - akadaro mukuru wezvekurima wepurazi Sergey Korolev. - Senge nechero tsika nyowani, vaitya kuti paisazove neruzivo rwakakwana. "Zvisinei, gore rekutanga rakapa mibairo yakanaka kwazvo, saka tinogona kutaura zvakanaka kuti takafarira tsika nemagariro uye tinoronga kuwedzera nzvimbo iri pasi peserery gore rinouya."
Mbeu ndiyo hwaro hwezvose
Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha mukugadzirwa kweselery kukura mbesa, nekuti mhando yezvinhu zvekudyara ndiyo inozotarisa kuti chirimwa chacho chinokura sei, Andrei Ivashkin anoyeuka.
Dambudziko guru nderekuti mhodzi dze celery idiki kwazvo. "Nechikonzero chimwe chete ichi, chirimwa ichi chinonetsa kukura nekudyara kwakananga," anoyambira nyanzvi paRaik Tswaan Rus, "mbeu diki dzinomera zvishoma nezvishoma".
Kazhinji celery inokura kakawanda, kudyara mbesa muvhu rakavhurika kunogona kuitwa kubva pakati paMay kusvika Chikunguru. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinoitwa naMaentak Matusevichy. "Tinodyara celery mumatanho matatu: tinodyara batch yekutanga yembeu yembeu munaKurume, wechipiri -
kutanga kwaApril, uye wechitatu - pakupera kwaApril, - akagovana mukuru wepurazi Vladimir Matusevich. "Izvi zvinotibvumidza kukohwa celery muBelarus kusvika pakati paGumiguru."
... izvi iyo tsika inonetsa kukura nekudyara kwakananga, diki
mhodzi dzinomera zvishoma nezvishoma
"Iyo algorithm yekukura nembeu yakapusa uye yakajeka," anodaro Andrey Ivashkin. "Pakutanga, mbeu dzinodyarwa: dzinodyarwa mumabhokisi, dzobva dzanyura mumakaseti kana makapu, dzobva dzasimwa muvhu rakavhurika." Mbeu dzembeu dzinowanzodyarwa musi waKurume 1, mbesa dzinoonekwa pazuva regumi. Mazuva manomwe ekutanga mushure meizvi, zvakafanira kuchengetedza tembiricha ye10-7 ° C kuitira kuti mbesa dzisatambanuke.
"Kubva munaKurume 17, unogona kukwidza tembiricha yemasikati kusvika 21 ° C, uye husiku - kusvika 15 ° C," anoenderera mberi. - Chaizvoizvo, munguva yese iyi, mabhokisi ane mbesa ari mumafirimu ekuchengetera, semutemo, anopisa. Uye musi waApril 1, apo mashizha maviri echokwadi anoonekwa, anoiswa mumakaseti kana makapu ane peat. " Vanotanga kuomesa mbesa mudenga pachena kubva muna Chivabvu 2, uye musi wa5, kana zvirimwa zvave nemazuva makumi manomwe kusvika makumi masere ekuberekwa uye zvine mashizha mashanu kusvika mashanu, zvakatodyarwa kare mumunda. Aya matanho uye mazwi akajairwa kune ese ari maviri akasimba uye midzi celery.
Nyanzvi "Raik Tswaan Rus" inotarisisa kune iyo chokwadi kuti michero yakagadzirirwa yakagadzirirwa kubviswa zvakanaka kubva kumakaseti. Mbeu dzinodyarwa nemaoko kana kushandisa michina yekudyara. Panguva ino, zvakanyanyisa kukosha kuti usadzamise zvirimwa kuitira kuti usazadze nzvimbo yekukura, anodaro Andrey Ivashkin. Kazhinji, makumi matanhatu nezviuru nezviuru zvemirimwa yakasimwa yeselery inodyarwa pahekita (zvinoenderana nevhu nemamiriro ekunze, kuwanikwa
inoenderana netekinoroji uye zvinodiwa pamusika).
"Mbeu dzemhando yepamusoro dzemhando yepamusoro hadzisi imwe chete yezvakakosha, asi chinhu chakakosha kwazvo kuwana chigadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro panguva yekukohwa," inosimbisa Santiago Gaston, nyanzvi yeselery kuRijk Zwaan Iberica. - Spain ndiyo inonyanya kugadzira
stalked celery munguva yechando-yechirimo kutenderera uye inopa zvigadzirwa kumisika zhinji yeEurope - kuGerman, France, kuchamhembe kweEurope. MuSpain, mbesa dze celery dzinorimwa neakasarudzika greenhouse zvirimwa. Murimi anogashira chirimwa chakaomarara, chakagadzirira-kurima chakakura zvakakwana (mazuva makumi mashanu neshanu neshanu ezviuru zvehuswa). Isu tinoshanda chete neiyo chaiyo primed stalked celery mbeu. Mbeu dzakadai dzinokura nekukurumidza uye nerunyararo mubazi rembeu, izvo zvinonyanya kuchengetedza nguva yekuwana michero yemhando yepamusoro. "
Iyo nzvimbo ye celery yakagadzirirwa pamberi kuti pasave nemasora. Iwo akakodzera ekutanga - zvirimwa zvakashandiswa mafetiraiza echinyakare - ikabichi. Mushure mekudyara mbesa mumunda, zvinokwanisika kushandisa zvinokurudzira zvekukura, kana zvichidikanwa. Mwaka wekukura wechirimwa ichi mazuva zana nemakumi masere negumi (kubva kumera), uye pavhareji goho repetiole celery iri 140-180 t / ha. Uyezve, iyo yepamusoro
goho rakanyorwa muUSA - 96 t / ha.
Iyo celery inokohwewa apo madzinde acho akaomarara, pasina voids. Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kuve uine nguva yekuibvisa pamberi payo tambo kuti dziome uye dziwande. Mafuro anotemwa nemaoko nebanga rakakosha, kuvaparadzanisa kubva kumudzi wekora pazinga revhu. Mashizha ekumusoro anogona zvakare kupfupiswa. Zvekutengesa kusvika kumagumo mutengi, petiolate celery inotemwa ne petiole kureba kwe 27-35 cm uye huremu hwe150 kusvika 800 g. Usati watengesa, zvirimwa zvinonatswa
kubva kusingakoshi mativi anopfura. Kugadzirwa kwemabhizimusi mune kubvisa mashizha uye petioles asina kuibva, kuyerwa, kurongedzwa uye kuiswa mumakamuri efiriji ekutonhodza panopisa 0 ° C uye hunyoro hune hukama hunosvika makumi mapfumbamwe nemasere muzana. Mune yakasarudzika kurongedza pamwe nekuzora, ichi chigadzirwa chinogona kuchengetwa pasi pechakataurwa mamiriro kwe98-3 mavhiki.
Munguva yekukohwa kwemidzi yeselery, misoro yacho inotanga kudimburwa, kozoti iyo chirimwa chemidzi pachayo inodonhedzwa mukati (izvi zvinogona kuitwa nemuchina). "Ipapo mudzi unocheneswa woiswa mumudziyo, unochengetwa," anodaro Andrey Ivashkin. "Zvirinani kuchengeta midzi yeselery nemidzi yakatsemuka kuitira kuti hutachiona husasvike kunzvimbo dzakatemwa, uye usati watumira mutengi anofanira kugezwa, kubviswa midzi yekumusoro nekukwenenzverwa, kana zvichidikanwa."
Kwakadziya uye kwakanyorova
Ivhu uye mamiriro ekunze anoita basa rakakosha mukurimwa kweselery. "Ivhu rakanyatsokodzera pachirimwa ichi rakazara nehunyoro hwakanaka," anodaro Andrey Ivashkin. "Panguva imwecheteyo, kudiridza kunodonhedzwa kunowanzo shandiswa kumaodzanyemba." Nenzira, kana uchikura padrip
ivhu rakareruka jecha rakakodzera zvakare kudiridza. Celery inoratidza zvakare kugadzirwa kwakanaka pane loams, light loams uye jecha loam ivhu. Ivhu rakawandisa rakazara nemvura harina kukodzera tsika iyi, inoyambira nyanzvi kubva kuna Raik Tswaan Rus.
Zvinoenderana neruzivo rwaSergey Korolev, nzvimbo dzakanaka chete dzisina kudziyirwa nzvimbo dzakakodzera kurima celery, uko mvura yepasi iri pakadzika zvakakwana zvakakwana. Sekureva kwemukuru wezve agronomist we "Murimi Agrosoyuz" Yezve nyika ", tsika dzakaoma nekuti
iyo isingade tembiricha yakanyanyisa uye inoda kugara ichidiridzwa mumatanho ekutanga, kunyanya mushure mekudyara. "Pane celery, tinoshandisa zvese reel kudiridzira uye kudiridza," akadaro.
Celery nyanzvi "Raik Zwaan Iberica" -
Santiago Gaston de Iriarte Dupui deLome
"Celery itsika inoda hunyoro," anodaro Sergey
Kutko kubva Phytosovkhoz Raduga. "Pane mamwe mazuva, kunyanya anopisa muna Chikunguru na Nyamavhuvhu, mwero wemadiridziro waisvika pa250-300 m3 yemvura pahekita, uye mumwaka wese wekurima takashandisa 6-6,5 zviuru m3 zvemvura pahekita." Iyo purazi inoshandisa kudiridza kwepamusoro neepamberi-mhando inosasa kubva kuAmerican inogadzira TL. "Tinotenda kuti kana uchirima celery kumaodzanyemba, zvakanyanyisa kukosha kwete chete kuti upe chirimwa hunyoro hwakakwana, asiwo kudzikisira tembiricha yepasi pemhepo - izvi zvinobatsira mukuumbwa kuri nani kwepetiole, kusavapo yekusagadzikana uye kusimba, ”anotsanangura kudaro CEO wekambani.
Iyi tsika inoda kwazvo pahutongi hutongi, anoenderera mberi Andrey Ivashkin. "Celery inogona kukanda bukira rinotumbuka pane tembiricha iri pazasi pe10 ° C kana, nekupesana, nekuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekushisa, saka unofanirwa kuongorora hutongi hwekupisa," anonyevera. "Munguva yechando, celery inotsungirira chando chisiri pasi pe -4 ° C. Iyo yakanyanya kunaka tembiricha yekukura iri kubva pa17 kusvika 24 ° C." Zvakare, muKrasnodar Territory, uko avhareji tembiricha yezhizha iri pachena zvakanyanya, chirimwa ichi chinobudirira kubudirira.
Celery inoda yakaorera
pasi pane loam ine yakanaka humus. Vanodikanwa vamutangira kwaari magaka uye nevamwe
tsika dzavanobatsira
Organic
Celery iri zvakare inoda zvine hutano. Nekudaro, usati wasarudza chikafu, nyanzvi yekambani "Raik Zwaan Rus" inokurudzira kuitisa ongororo yevhu kuitira kuti izive izvo chaizvo zvinoda kuiswa mupurazi rega rega. Iro tsika yekuita chikafu chekutanga pazuva rechimakumi maviri mushure mekudyara mbesa, anodaro Andrey Ivashkin. Celery inoda nitrogen, phosphorus, potasium uye calcium, pamwe nekutevera zvinhu. "Dyara
iyo pachayo inoratidza kushomeka kwezvinhu zvekutsvaga uye zvinovaka muviri. Saka, kana iwe ukaona kusviba pakati nepakati petioles, saka hakuna calcium yakakwana. Kusviba kwepakati, kuomeswa kweye shizha rudiki riri pakati peyakaomeswa celery chirimwa kunogona zvakare kuratidza kushomeka kwakakosha kweboron. Uye zvakare, isu tinogona kutaura nezvekushayikwa kweboron kana ruvara rwebhuruu ruchionekwa pane rakatemwa remudzi chirimwa (gare gare
voids inoumbwa panzvimbo yayo), ”anotsanangura kudaro. "Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kushandisa mhando yemhando yezvikafu zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwevhu uye dhata padanho rakarongwa rezvibereko zvezvirimwa uye kubviswa kwehutano," anopfupisa Vladimir Parkhomenko kubva kuAgroleto.
Mafetiraiza ese makuru anoiswa kune "Maentak" Matusevichy "pasi pechirimwa uye zvirimwa zvakasvibirira: nitrogen, phosphorus uye potasium. "Tinoita kupfeka kwemashizha neboron, tinoisa fetereza yakasanganiswa," anodaro mukuru wepurazi. "Isuwo tinoita matanho ekudzivirira - tinoshandisa mishonga yesora tisati tadyara mbesa." Inoshandiswa papurazi uye fungicides - kusvika padanho rechitanhatu
mashizha. "Ehe, pane matambudziko nezvirwere, saka kurapwa kunokosha," Vladimir Matusevich anogutsikana.
Imwe yenzira dzekuchengetedza celery kubva kuzvirwere nezvipukanana ndeyekuchengetedza kutenderera kwezvirimwa. Sekureva kwaAndrey Ivashkin, zvine hungwaru, celery inofanirwa kudzoserwa kunzvimbo imwechete mumakore 3-4.
Sezvo celery inomiririra mhuri yemambura, iyo inosanganisirawo makarotsi, dhiri, parsley, parsnips, sima zvirimwa izvi imwe mushure meimwe zvakanyanya
hazvigoneke. "Celery inoda ivhu rakaorera - rakazara nehunhu hwakanaka," Vladimir Matusevich anogovera ruzivo rwake. - Anotarisirwa anotungamira kwaari ndiwo magaka
uye zvimwe zvirimwa zvinogadzirwa ne organic. "Tinowanzodyara mushure mekakichi, pasi payo tinogara tichiisa mupfudze." Kutenderera kwezvirimwa muMaentak Matusevichy kuri nyore kwazvo: “Tine mahekita makumi maviri epasi redu rekurima, tinoroja mamwe mahekita gumi. Nekudaro, nyika dzese dzakabudirira dzakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvakaenzana: pane imwe tinodyara zviyo, pane imwe - kabichi, uye pane chechitatu - girini zvirimwa (celery, parsley, dhiri, sipinashi). Uye gore rinouya, panzvimbo pezviyo, tinodyara kabichi, panzvimbo yekabichi - girini, uye panzvimbo yegirini - zviyo, ”akadaro mukuru wepapurazi.
Sergey Korolev anotaurawo nezve kudiwa kwekuchinjaniswa kwetsika. "Tine purazi diki - mahekita zana nemakumi maviri chete, saka hazvisati zvaitika kuronga kutenderera kuzere kwezvirimwa - nzvimbo iyi haibvumidze," anonyunyuta kudaro nyanzvi yezvekurima yeAvarimi 'Agrosoyuz Za Rodina. - Tinodzidzira
kutenderera kwezvirimwa kuderedza matambudziko ezvirwere. " Iyo purazi hairimi makarotsi uye mamwe maumbellates, saka, hapana tyisidziro yekutapuriranwa kwecercosporosis, downy mildew uye powdery mildew pakati pezvirimwa zvine hukama. Nekudaro, kune bacteriosis muminda, uye hazvisati zvave kugona kugadzirisa zvachose dambudziko iri, Sergey Korolev anozvidemba. "Ehe, pane zvirwere zvinoputika," anodaro. - Ndizvozvo chaizvo kurwisa ivo kuti vanodiwa-nyanzvi-agronomists vanodiwa "
Andrey Ivashkin anogutsikana kuti chiyero chakanakisa chechirwere nekudzivirira zvipembenene kudzivirira. Semuenzaniso, kurimwa kwemarudzi asingagadzike uye mahybrids. Uye zvakare, iwe unogona kuita yakakosha gadziriro yetsika yapfuura. Nenzira, pane celery ivo vanonyanya kushandisa iwo
gadziriro dzakafanana sedzemakarotsi anotenderwa kushandiswa munharaunda yeRussian Federation.
Zvinotendwa kuti chinonyanya kunetsekana neye agronomist kana ichikura celery ndiko kudzora kwezvipukanana senge moth uye hove. Iwe unogona kurwa navo nerubatsiro rwezvipembenene kana nzira dzehutachiona - entomophages kana chaiwo gadziriro. Mukuita, zvakadaro, celery inowanzo kukanganiswa nezvirwere kupfuura nezvipembenene. Zvirwere zvakajairika zvetsika iyi septoria (inokanganisa mbesa dzisina kusimba), cercospora, sclerotinia, rhizoctoniasis, uye fusarium. Mumakore mashoma apfuura, phytoplasmic aster yero (Chirungu: Aster Yellows (Phytoplasma), inopfuudzwa nezvipukanana zvinoyamwa, kunyanya nechitanhatu chine mavara-mashizha), yakonzera kukuvadza kukuru mutsika yecryed celery. maodzanyemba ematunhu eRussia, kunyanya mukutanga - pakati-zhizha,
mushure mekutanga kwekukohwa zvirimwa zvezviyo zvechando, apo zvipembenene zvine hutachiona mukutsvaga furuji zvinofamba zvichienda kuzvirimwa zvemiriwo, uko hutachiona hunopararira. Kazhinji, zvakafanira kubhadhara zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa kweselery kubva kuzvirwere uye zvipuka kuti uwane chinokwikwidza chigadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro pakubuda, anodaro Andrey Ivashkin.
Chii chauchadyara
Sekuguma kwegore ra2018, makumi matatu emhando yemashizha uye petiole uye makumi matatu nemasere emidzi yeselery akaverengerwa muRejista renyika reBreeding Achievements akabvumidzwa kushandiswa muRussia. Idzi ndidzo dzinonyanya mhando dzeDutch neRussia. Panguva imwecheteyo, rejista inogara ichigadziriswa nemhando nyowani uye mahybrids.
Kusarudzwa kwemahybrids akakodzera uye mhando dzeimwe hupfumi dzinofanirwa kupihwa hanya, Andrey Ivashkin anogutsikana. Pakati pezvakakosha zvinodiwa zvemhando dzakasiyana uye mahybridi eacryed celery, anodaidzira kurwisa kwezvirwere uye kutumbuka, shinda shoma (izvi zvinodikanwa kuitira kuti madzinde asanyanya kuomarara uye asimbe). Nenzira, vatengi vanonyanya kusarudza yakasvibira petioles yakasviba, yakasviba uye yakaoma.
Andrey Ivashkin anoti mhando dzechiDutch nemahybrids zvinonyanya kufarirwa nevarimi vekurima. "Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda izvi: vane goho repamusoro, vanoshingirira kuchirwere uye vane nguva pfupi yekuibva," anodaro. - Uye rimwe divi rinokwezva remhando dzechiDutch nemahybrids - mashoma mashoma emashizha kana kusavapo kwavo kwakazara uye kuramba kune yakashata mamiriro ekunze.
Izvo zvakakodzera kuti utarise kune zvakanyatso kurapwa mbeu dzakamera pamwe neakamuka embryo - primed, anodaro nyanzvi. Dzinomera nekukurumidza - atova pazuva rechina pasi pemamwe mamiriro. Ichokwadi, ivo vanonyanya kuda pamamiriro ekuchengetedza (iwo anofanirwa kuchengetwa patembiricha isingadariki 4 ° C) uye vane hupenyu hupfupi - - kubva pamwedzi mitatu kusvika kumitanhatu. "Kazhinji dzinotengwa nevarimi vakuru vekurima, nekuti vanovimbiswa kubuda nekukurumidza uye zvakaenzana, izvo zvinoguma neyakafanana chigadzirwa," anotsanangura Andrey Ivashkin. "Avo vane nzvimbo hombe kazhinji havadi kutora njodzi, saka vanonyanya kuda kutenga mbeu dzakaratidza." Nyanzvi inoyeuchidza kuti, zvinoenderana netsika, iyo yekumesa mbeu inofanirwa kunge iri pamusoro pe5%, nepo kune maDutch marudzi uye mahybridi nhamba iyi kazhinji haina kudzikira kupfuura 3-6%.
Chero zvazvingaitika, varimi vekurima vanofanirwa kupa mhando kune dzakatemwa mhando nemahybrids akapinda murejista kubva kune vakavimbika vanotengesa, nyanzvi inopedzisa.
Tsvaga mutengi wako
Mune chero kugadzirwa kwekurima, chakakosha kurima zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye kurongeka kwekutengesa kwavo. Sekureva kwevatori vechikamu vemusika, panga pasisina matambudziko nekutengesa celery mumakore achangopfuura. "Tawana vatengi vehuwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa," akadaro mukuru wezvekurima weMurimi Agrosoyuz Za Rodinu. "Goho redu rekutanga kubva kumahekita mana raive matani zana nemakumi mana." Iyo purazi haishande nemaketani zvakananga - iro rese vhoriyamu rinotengeswa kune vanotengesa. "Vamwe vedu vatengi vanoshanda nezvitoro zvezvitoro, vamwe nemaresitorendi," anodaro Sergey Korolev. "Hatigone kushanda takanangana nenetwork, nekuti purazi redu diki harina kugadzirira kupa zvinhu."
MuRepublic of Belarus, kuiswa kwacho kwakada kufanana. "Mukutanga kwema1990, takatengesa zvigadzirwa zvedu pamusika," anoyeuka Vladimir Matusevich. "Uye ikozvino tiri kushanda nemutengesi anotenga zvigadzirwa zvemwaka kubva kwatiri, uye munguva yechando anopa zvigadzirwa zvakafanana kubva kunze kwenyika." Murimi ane chokwadi chekuti kana mugadziri akawana musika, saka kurima celery kwakakosha. "Tinotengesa zvigadzirwa zvedu pamutengo wepakati $ 0,5-1 pakirogiramu," Vladimir Matusevich anogutsikana. "Asi kwandiri chikamu chehupfumi hachina kukosha zvakanyanya: ndinowana kugutsikana kubva mukurima zvirimwa zvakasiyana, uye izvi zvakatonyanya kukosha," anopedzisa.
Andrey Ivashkin ane chokwadi chekuti mukurumbira weselery pakati pevatengi unongokura chete. "Hupenyu hwakasimba hwakanyatso kuoneka, uye celery ndechimwe chezvikafu zvine hutano mune zvese zvekudya," anodaro. - Iyi tsika ine zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinobatsira, ine mavitamini akawanda, mamineral salt, mafuta anokosha, phytoncides. " Nepo hutano uye runako zviri mufashoni, celery ichatengwa, nyanzvi haina kukahadzika.
Nemabatiro akafanira echirimwa ichi, uchifunga mitengo iriko yepamusoro pamusika, zvichibva paavhareji goho re40-70 t / ha uye nekuda kwekukura kuri kuramba kuchiita kudiwa kubva kumaketeni ezvitoro, munhu anogona kutarisira zvakachengeteka purofiti ye petiole celery padanho re50-100%, pamidzi - padanho re30-70%, inopfupisa Andrey Ivashkin