Kudziya kwepasi kuri kukonzera munyu wevhu munzvimbo dziri mumahombekombe, rinova dambudziko guru kuminda yematatisi, inoshuma chiteshi cheSwitzerland TV SRF. Kuti vazvigadzirise, vesaenzi kuInternational Potato Center muPeru vari kugadzira mhando nyowani, dzisingagadzirisike, vachitarisa kuchengetedza kuravira kwechigadzirwa uye mukana wekuwana gohwo repamusoro.
Iyo yepasi rose mbatatisi nzvimbo inopa hupfumi chaihwo, zvinoenderana newebsite yeSwiss TV chiteshi SRF. Ikoko iwe unogona kuona mabhasikiti ane makuru uye madiki, akatenderera uye oval mbatatisi. Pakati pefuma iyi panewo mbatata yepepuru kana tsvuku.
Nyanzvi yesainzi Stef de Haan anofara kuratidza hupfumi uhu. “Dunhu reAndes rakaburitsa mhando dzemhando yepamusoro dzembatatisi dzinodarika zviuru zvina. Dzimwe dzacho tinodzirima gore negore, ”inodaro nyanzvi iyi. Mamwe anochengeterwa machubhu, mamwe anochengeterwa pasi pegirazi gobvu rinodzivirira sezvirimwa zvisina kusimba kana semajini pane 4000 ° C pazasi pechando.
Pfuma iyi inodzivirirwa zvakanaka. Kana paitika kudengenyeka kwenyika kune simba muPeru, masampula ezvese zvakasiyana mhando dzembatatisi anochengetwawo muBrazil neNorway, musayendisiti akatsanangura. Potato Center, pamwe nevatsvakurudzi vayo zana nemakumi masere neshanu, yakavakirwa muPeru, asi de Haan nevamwe vake havasi hanya neLatin America yese, Africa neAsia.
Ivo vachangobva kugamuchira chikumbiro cherubatsiro kubva kuBangladesh. Izvi zvinoreva kunatsiridzwa kwevhu muvhu rekugezesa rwizi delta panorimwa mbatatisi. Nekuda kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye tembiricha iri kukwira, mwero wegungwa uri kuwedzera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mvura yemunyu inopinda muminda yematatisi.
"Munzvimbo dzemahombekombe egungwa, dambudziko iri riri kuwedzera," anotsigira de Haan. Vatsvagiri vakatarisana nebasa rakaoma - kugadzira mbatatisi dzakasiyana idzo dzinowanzo dzika midzi muvhu rine munyu, asi panguva imwechete icharamba ichinaka uye ichiunza gohwo repamusoro.
De Haan ane chivimbo: "Pakati pembatatisi tine hupfumi hukuru, huwandu hwakakwana hwemarudzi uye ruzivo rwakawanda rwunopfuudzwa nemuromo pakati pevadiki vemuno." Zvichakadaro, nguva iri kupera. "Kusvikira imwe mhando nyowani yakachinjirwa nemamiriro emuno ekugadzirwa kuti ikure, zvinowanzotora makore gumi," nyanzvi inotsanangura.
Njodzi kumatato dzinosanganisira tembiricha yakakwira, tupukanana tutsva uye kuwedzera kwemamiriro ekunze kusafungidzira (zvave kuramba zvichinetsa kuona kana kuchanaya, riini uye zvakadii). Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakomba masisitimu enzvimbo anoitika panguva yekurimwa kwembatatisi, muongorori anotenda.
“Kugadzira mbatatisi kuchaswedera padyo nematanda nekuti kunotonhorera ipapo. Iko kune makomo, minda inotsemurwa kumusoro kwakakwirira kupfuura nakare, ”de Haan ane chokwadi. Izvi zvakaitwa muPeru kwenguva yakareba. Varimi vanorima mbatatisi inosvika pamamita makumi mana nemazana mana pamusoro pegungwa, inova nemamita mazana matatu pakakwirira kupfuura makore makumi mana apfuura.
Nekudaro, kumusoro kukwira kunogoneka chete pachiyero chakaganhurirwa. Pane imwe nguva, ivhu rinoshanduka kuita matombo. Kune mamwe matunhu panorimwa mbatatisi nhasi, iyo yepakati-temu maonero anotaridzika kunge asina kujeka. Kuchamhembe kweAfrica nekumaodzanyemba kweEurope, kurima mbatatisi kuri kuramba kuchinetsa, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo kusatomboita.
Rimwe zuva haizove inotonhorera zvakakwana mbatatisi - kana tembiricha husiku haichadzike kusvika panenge pa16 ° C. Mhedzisiro yacho inogona kuve yakakomba. Nhoroondo yakaratidza izvi: kubvira 1845, vanhu miriyoni muIreland vakafa kubva ku "nzara yetapatata", yaive mhedzisiro yeepiphytosis yekupedzisira kunaya. Imwe miriyoni yakasara ichienda kuUSA.
Mazuva ano, UN ine tarisiro yakakwira zvakare kumatatata nekuti tubers inogona kubatsira kudzikisira dambudziko renzara repasi rose. Nekudaro, kune izvi zvakakosha kugadzira mhando nyowani dzisingagone mbatatisi, inopedzisa iyo Swiss TV chiteshi SRF.